Protein

Lab #5 Assignment: Protein Analysis by SDS-PAGE Introduction: Different cells and tissues express different proteins because of gene expression. Gene basically reflects what the protein will be and also its function. The expression must be controlled by some kind of regulation in the processes of transcription and translation. For example, in transcription, enhancer sequences provide binding sites for regulatory proteins that will affect RNA polymerase activity. On a related note, the size of proteins can be analyzed using SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel). This technique is useful since it denatures and coats each protein being tested with the same charge, using β- mercaptoethanol and DTT. Gel- electrophoresis is then run to compare the sizes of different proteins. The goal of this experiment was to learn about the process of SDS-PAGE and also about gene expression by…

innate protein particles or aggregates.However, there is a mechanistic difference between the two aspects. In the case of a pure solubility issue, i.e. a protein becomes insoluble in a certain solution (no changes in protein structure and integrity) and a solid phase is formed, a strong dilution of the system may lead to the dissolution of the protein. In such a circumstance, the term “protein associates” may more appropriately describe the formed protein solid .In this instance, protein…

Protein work “the collection of proteins within a cell determines its health and function Proteins are responsible for nearly every task of cellular life, including cell shape and inner organization, product manufacture and waste cleanup, and routine maintenance. Proteins also receive signals from outside the cell and mobilize intracellular response. They are the workhorse macromolecules of the cell and are as diverse as the functions they serve. Proteins can be big or small, mostly…

Proteins Introduction Many products including powders, drinks, and foods are marketed as having more protein in them than the average consumption. But is that statement actually true? Proteins are a type of amino acid. There are twenty known amino acids monomers. Monomers are molecules that can be bonded together to create something else known as a polymer. Every amino acid has to have three things, an amino group, a carboxyl group and a functional group that is special to itself. Something…

This writing presents the structure of proteins, their importance for life and processes under which they are made. It will also describe two groups of proteins and give some examples. Proteins (also called polypeptides, peptides or amino acids) are large polymers and main components of cells. They are produced by condensation reaction from amino acid monomers, therefore proteins are called condensation polymers. Each protein is formed by a unique sequence of 20 naturally occurring amino…

some form of mutation increase the chance of misfolding in proteins which is the case in the genetic or familial case of NDs [22]. Though the mechanism is not clear, it has been proven that deposits of misfolded proteins are known to be neurotoxic and able to cause apoptosis in neuronal cells. There are however mechanisms that are able to inhibit aggregation of proteins and protect the CNS from such danger. Examples of these include the chaperones that are able to bind to misfolded protein and…

chromatin. Chromatin is only found in eukaryotic cells, the cellular makeup of multicellular organisms. The structure of chromatin is composed of DNA and histones, together making up nucleosomes, and other non-histone proteins that bind to the DNA. The backbone of DNA is negatively charged and histones have a positive charge allowing abundant interaction between the two molecules to organize and package multitudes of DNA at multiple levels, which must fit into an extremely tight space, in a…

receptor. Both of these are members of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) class II. The primary and unique effects of the hormone take place through IGF1R, which, when activated, triggers a chemical sequence called the AKT pathway. This process, revolving around a protein called AKT, has significant effects on the life and death of the cell. iii. A chemical resemblance to insulin also allows IGF-1 to active the insulin receptor. This protein triggers a process that ultimately causes a cell to take…

leucine to proline at amino acid position 1544(Ashcroft, 2005). This mutation simply reduce the activation of the channel by stimulatory nucleotide MgADP, as the NBDs sensitivity to this nucleotide is greatly/entirely lost. The failure of the channel activation means the open state of the channel pore is greatly reduced/blocked. This occurs as the inhibitory nucleotide (ATP) would have higher affinity for the channel than the activating nucleotide (MgADP). Closure of the K+ channel leads to…

The Role of Protein in Nutrition There are 3 main micro-nutrients in food that we eat. Protein is one them and arguably the most important one for good health. Protein is used by many structures of the body, including muscle, to maintain and grow. Obviously the products in the table focus less on carbohydrates and fats, which are needed more for energy purposes. How We Use It So we get protein from food, but how do we actually use it to maintain the structure of our bodies? Our bodies break…