Schaffer Intro: Enzymes are important biological molecules that help catalyze numerous reactions in the body. They are an arrangement of proteins designed to serve very specific roles. Enzymes contain active sites that substrates bind to. The enzymes then help orient those substrates so they achieve ideal reaction conditions. As a result, substrates are broken down much faster than they would on their own (Lawless 2016). Due to the fact that so many different arrangements of proteins are possible, it’s no surprise that so many reactions in the body are all able to proceed faster with the help of enzymes. In this lab, catalase was used to break down hydrogen peroxide and measure the reaction rates depending on the H2O2 concentration. The purpose of this was to see if the concentration of H2O2 affected the rate of the reaction. The hypothesis tested was that larger substrate concentrations should result in…
II. Introduction An enzyme is a specific type of macromolecule known as a catalyst, that accelerates the rate of chemical reactions by taking part in the reaction without being consumed (Wilson, et al 2015). Enzymes participate in these reactions inside the cell and decrease the activation energy required to begin the reaction. These catalytic agents bind to substrates that are changed into products. A component of the enzyme that is responsible for binding to substrate or the reactant is…
Background Research Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. A catalyst can be defined as a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change. Enzymes are essential due to the fact that virtually every metabolic reaction which takes place within a living organism is catalyzed by an enzyme. This is because organisms catalyze the chemical reactions that would otherwise not be able to progress under typical physiological…
Enzymes are found in all living organisms. They are present to speed up or accelerate a chemical reaction; referred to as a catalyst in a chemical reaction. They are essential to obtain rates to sustain life as without enzymes rates would be too slow to provide for life. Molecules at the start of the process are called substrates, the enzyme will then convert these into changed molecules which are called products, after this process the enzymes maintains the same shape. (Berg et al. 2002).…
Enzymes are substances produced by living organisms that act as catalysts to reduce the activation energy required for a chemical reaction. By lowering the activation energy, enzymes speed up the chemical reaction by providing an alternative action pathway (“Enzymes”). Enzymes are required in minute amounts because they remain unchanged after a reaction has occurred, so the same enzyme molecules can be reused over and over again. Since enzymes are proteins, they have active sites that speed up…
the maximal velocity (Vmax) and the inhibition of alkaline phosphate. In order to accomplish these goals, 5 samples were used. Each sample contained different volumes of 0.2 m MPNPP (p-nitrophenylphosphate) and 0.2 M Tris-Hcl at a pH of 8.0. To each sample 0.2 mL of the enzyme studied (Alkaline Phosphatase) were added upon insertion on the spectrophotometer apparatus. With intervals of 20 seconds their absorbance at a wavelength of 410 nm was recorded at time frame of 2 minutes for each…
The objective of this lab was to see how enzymes were used, use the scientific method, and how enzymes are affected by temperature. Introduction Proteins which constitute enzymes in their final form are macromolecules that make up large amounts of living organism which are called polymers which are made up of many different monomers. An enzyme is a biological catalyst that increases the rate of a reaction by lowering activation energy. Activation energy that the enzyme uses id an energy barrier…
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the various chemical reactions that happen inside our cells. For the enzymes to function well, they need to be in an environment with a specific set of conditions, other than that it will lead to the denaturation of the enzyme or will render it completely inactive. There are a lot of factors that impact enzyme activities, but in this experiment we examined the effects of 4 different factors which are temperature, Ph level, addition of the inhibitor…
reaction of enzyme increases whenever the concentration is high. Also, if the concentration is low, the reaction rate will be low too. Introduction Enzymes are proteins that make the chemical reactions faster by reducing the activation energy that is required to start the reaction, and they also act as catalyst. The substrate, which the enzyme acts upon, binds to the part of enzyme that is known as active site.…
Enzymes are biological molecules macromolecules that catalyze chemical reactions. Enzymes are usually proteins; however, it has been discovered that some enzymes are RNA molecules. The molecules at the beginning of the process to which enzymes act upon are called substrates, which are converted to the products by the actions of the enzyme. Almost all metabolic processes require enzymes to catalyze reactions to a rate that is fast enough to sustain life. Enzymes increase the rate of the reaction…