Protein

G-protein coupled receptors are found in eukaryotes, and are encoded by around 1-3% of the genes in the genome. In this essay I will discuss the general structure and model of activation of GPCRs, as well as how this model has been realised, through the study of bacteriorhodopsin, a homology model of GPCRs. There are many examples of GPCRs illustrating how GPCRs can have a wide range of cellular consequences and I will discuss how the activation of rhodopsin, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors,…

How HIV type 1 Clade B and C Tat Protein affects the regulation of Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase I was intensely interested on how HIV-1 Clads and Tat proteins appears to increase the level of neuro-pathogenic agents, such as indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and kynurenine (KYN) which can cause HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). This research paper is design to assess how HIV-1 clade tat protein affects the regulation of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase and how it may contribute to…

Protein Purification Practical Report Student Name : Noel Murphy Date : 28 February 2015 UF/DF Practical Question Report Ultrafiltration (UF) and Diafiltration (DF) steps are carried out prior to every chromatography step and post the final polishing chromatography step. These UF and DF steps are vitally important, the UF step concentrates the protein product into a smaller volume of buffer, while the DF step alters the conditions the protein product is sitting in i.e. Buffer exchange.…

Protein-protein interaction can be defined as the interactions between different protein molecules within the cellular organization leading to formation of large protein complex which is modulated by non-covalent interactions such as hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond, van der Waals interactions etc. Protein-protein interaction plays an important role in functioning of body’s significant mechanism such as replication, transcription, translation, signal transduction, cell cycle, etc. Thus,…

PROTEIN STRUCTURE Proteins are polymers which is set up by 19 different α-amino acids and one imino acid (Proline) linked by amida bond or peptide bond. A protein usually contain amino acid residues, covalently linked, which spontaneously form a three-dimensional structure, based on the self-recognition of its respective sequence. Covalent bonds (peptide and disulfide), hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and weak, nonspecific attractive and repulsive forces are…

In protein synthesis there are 3 to 4 structures that occur. In the primary structure there are covalently bonded sequences of amino acids and this happens through dehydration synthesis where complex molecules are broken down to simple components. Secondary structure happens within the protein and can repeat multiple times and this happens from the folds by the Hydrogen bonds. Finally, you reach tertiary structure where the final 3-dimensional shape is shown by the complete polypeptide chain.…

How Intake Of High Protein Foods Is Beneficial To Health Overview Proteins are the construction blocks of the body as they are used to build tissues such as muscles and tendons and other essential molecules required by the body such as hormones. They are made up of molecules known as amino acids. From the food we take, our body is able to get these life sustaining molecules. Thus, intake of proteins in our body is very necessary both for our general growth and to as a remedy for some diseases…

Proteins are critical for they are essential in the development in humans. Usually obtained from meat, they come in many forms such as nuts or soy, all which play an important role for the human body. Proteins are necessary to the survival of humans because without them humans would seize to exist. A protein is a large molecule that consists of multiple amino acids subunits, which are joined together by peptide bonds. When one consumes food, which contains proteins, it is broken down into its…

Green Fluorescent protein and Green Fluorescent protein are suggested to be involved in bacterial transformation tool, which helps the scientists visualize the normal protein in cell. To test the hypothesis, the experiment had been collected the around 15 colonies from E.coli source plates. Those amounts of E.coli, then, were used to test under transformation of E.coli with Green and Blue Fluorescent Proteins procedure. As the result, the E.coli that had been injected pFluoroGreen and…

DNA makes proteins. DNA is stored in the nucleus and contains phosphates (a phosphate includes nitrogen bases). DNA is made up of these phosphates, but, in making polypeptides, or a protein, the nitrogen bases are the most important in his process. To make a polypeptide, the helicase unzips the double helix figure, making two rows, or strands, which are one side of all of the nitrogen bases. Floating nitrogen bases string the opposite of these sides, to make an original copy, but leave, ending…