Protein

different types of enzymes on different substrates, and how pH influences the ability of enzymes to breakdown proteins. Starch and albumin were used as the substrate to test the enzymes amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and unknown enzyme T. Lugol’s solution was used to test for the presence of undigested starch, while Biuret solution and Ninhydrin solution were used to test for the presence of undigested protein and amino acids respectively. There were many key findings in this experiment, one of which…

need the gene, it most cases it is too make a protein. A few of the other jobs DNA has are, no function genes that have no effect on anything, and also genes that need to carry information and instructions in order to make the proteins for the body. A protein is a long chain of amino acids. Proteins help to build any organism within the body. The protein-coding process done by the DNA is an essential need for the body to function. The way that protein-coding works is there divided into codons.…

In order to understand the hypothesis, first we must understand what is amyloid-beta, and how it is synthesized. Amyloid-beta is a peptide cleaved from the amyloid-beta precursor protein, which is a larger integral membrane protein found concentrated in neuronal synapsis (Masters et al., 1985;Glenner & Wong, 1984). An existing mutation in APP would lead to an increased cleavage and to a different availability of its sub products, hence increasing the amount of amyloid-beta being synthesized. A…

The lab that is being preformed is about digestive enzymes. Enzymes are protein molecules produced by living organisms that speed up a specific chemical reaction in the body. There are also digestive enzymes which digest our food. Our bodies make digestive enzymes in the pancreas, stomach, small intestine, and mouth. Digestive enzymes break down the food we eat into nutrients so that our bodies can absorb them. There are different digestive enzymes that digest certain macromolecules such as…

Elizabeth Barron Winters July 9th, 2017 Case study 1 Atkins or Fadkins Part 1: Macronutrients and energy Question 1: Proteins: do most of the work in the cells, required for structure, function, and regulation of the bodys tissues and organs. They also transport nutrients and are catalyst. Examples of proteins are nuts, meats, and beans. Carbohydrates: source of energy for the body, simple and complex carbs. Examples are fruits, pasta, sugar, and, grain. Fats: store energy, aid in…

Caulobacter Crescentus is a dimorphic, α-proteobacterium found in oligotrophic environments. Their dimorphic cell cycle produces two morphologically and functionally different daughter cells, known as the stalked cell and the swarmer cell. The stalked cell remains anchored to the substratum and is sessile, while the swarmer cell is motile. Upon chemotaxis, the swarmer cell disperses in search of nutrients. Once sufficient nutrients are located the cell cycle can continue. In the early phases of…

traumatic cellular insult typically have damaged DNA. PARP will deplete cellular ATP in an attempt to repair the massive damage to DNA. Several proteases are activated by increased cellular calcium ion concentration that degraded important cellular proteins. (888) Necrosis is not nearly as regulated as apoptosis but there are a few steps that indicate necrosis is a programmed mechanism. The permanent opening of the MPTP by increased calcium concentration…

which code for the amino acid phenylalanine. The mutation, therefore, leads to the loss of this amino acid. The mutant CFTR leads to the disease as the incorrect protein folding is detected in the endoplasmic reticulum which leads the protein to be degraded and thus never reaches the cell membrane whereas with a normal CFTR protein, the protein actually reaches the cell membrane and is integrated into it. CFTR works as a channel that exports chloride ions across the membrane; this is the…

Having freckles is a common and harmless condition that is shared among many people around the world. Freckles are passed down genetically, and are a dominant trait. They are most common and most easily seen on fair skinned people. Many people with freckles notice that their freckles become darker after being out in the sun. This is because freckles are basically clumps of melanocytes, and the sun's ultraviolet rays cause melanocytes to create more melanin, making the freckles darker. Now,…

(PDB; 2OH4), CXCR2 (PDB; 4JL7), CXCR4 (PDB; 3OE6), CCR5 (PDB; 4MBS), AR (PDB; 2PIV), ER (PDB; 3ERT), γ-secretase (PDB; 4Y6K), PARP1 (PDB; 1UK1), Smoothened 7TM (PDB; 7QIM), and Wnt (PDB; 1JDH) retrieved from the protein data bank and prepared by using Maestro 9.6 application of protein preparation wizzards. Molecular docking studies was conducted using Maestro 9.6…