Genetic code

October 14, 2015 Olga Naomi Sokolova Why is there redundancy in the genetic code? Does this seem like a useful feature of the genetic code? Why or why not? There is redundancy because there are more codons than there are amino acids, so quite a few amino acids are represented by more than one codon. This is beneficial because if there is a mistake during transcription that damages one of the codons, a visible and detrimental mutation may not occur because all of the others would still be able to code for it correctly. 2) Why is it postulated that the initial genetic code was doublets rather than triplets? Do you find the evidence convincing? Why or why not? 3) Why is it hypothesized that RNA evolved prior to DNA? Are you convinced?…

The video I reflected on was “Cracking Your Genetic Code”. The documentary begins talking about a flash drive that contains a person’s genetic code. There are 6 billion letters in it and we could have a chance to see genome sequence for $1,000. But there are some ups and downs about it. Some people think it’s invasive because even insurance companies could look at it. But it could predict cancer. This could affect one’s life forever. How well do you want to know yourself? Genomics is almost…

Ever since scientists uncovered more information about genes, DNA, etc., a lot of scientific advancements linking to the topic have risen like, DNA fingerprinting, gene therapy, and manipulating genes. Lily E. Kay’s Who Wrote the Book of Life: A History of the Genetic Code published in the year 2000, talked about the detailed history of one of the most important events in modern science, the genetic code. Genetic code is the sequence of organic bases on the double strands of DNA. The bases are…

a unique coding that helps everything differ from one another. Whether within plant or animal cells, these coding strands contain our genetic information. The creation of our genetic codes derives from a mixture of our parent genetic codes. These codes we contain are called DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid. These DNA strands carry all our information. Skin color, eye color, body shape, hair type, etc. This creates us individuals. With DNA being so vital to everyday life it has several…

This article describes their development in the application of genetic code reprogramming techniques. The focus on the site-specifics of enzymatic mis-acetylation and looks to examine the translational machinery that increases the ranges of non-canonical amino acids. It is shown that misacetylationi in polypeptides show an increase in specific disease. Site-specific incorporation of genetic code reprogramming have demonstrated powerful techniques for investigation proteins and as a tool for…

Figure 5: Semi-quantitative PCR analysis of CHOP splicing variants in plasmids and liver tissues, and CHOP exon arrangements. (A) CHOP1 mRNA contains four exons, whereas CHOP2 mRNA lacks the second exon of CHOP1. The 5 '-leader of CHOP is encoded within the first and second exons, while the coding sequence is encoded within the third and fourth exons of CHOP. (B) As expected, CHOP1 primers amplified CHOP1 transcripts at the size of 214 bp in the CHOP1 plasmid template containing the full…

Since the beginning of time, genomes have been in existence since the -, “so-called big bang theory”. Genomes are the key to life because they are an organism’s complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the source in which processes transcription takes place to form a ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is then translated into an amino acid, which is the essential building block of protein to life. For example, hemoglobin, the cells in our bone marrow, churn out a hundred trillion per second of…

In this study, we analyzed the bulk of genomic and transcribed CsRn1 sequences encompassing the putative frameshift region in C. sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, which is a nearest phylogenetic neighbor of the liver fluke, to address the issue regarding the expression strategy of CsRn1. Our results demonstrate that CsRn1 copies lacking frameshifting have arisen from the precedential counterparts with two overlapping ORFs by a single-nucleotide insertion at an upstream region of gag stop…

Genetic disorders may affect millions of people every few seconds around the world, and it’s our job to understand how they work or occur in order to try and prevent them or cause them from getting worse. With how far research has come over the years, we now know how genetic disorders occur. They occur from something called mutations, which I am sure mostly everyone has heard about. Most people just don’t understand exactly how mutations work, occur, or how they cause millions of different…

DNA. Arguably the most exalted three letters from all of biology, on par with the prevalent H20 of chemistry and Einstein’s e=mc^2 of physics. We’ve all heard of this three letter acronym, perhaps tried to spell the full deoxyribonucleic acid once or twice. But we don’t often consider how just one letter mistake, one wrong copy of a gene, a tiny error in this code of life, may have drastic effects on the health of a human. What if we could alter some genes, fix up a few there, go into the…