Genomes And Prokaryotic Analysis

Since the beginning of time, genomes have been in existence since the -, “so-called big bang theory”. Genomes are the key to life because they are an organism’s complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the source in which processes transcription takes place to form a ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is then translated into an amino acid, which is the essential building block of protein to life. For example, hemoglobin, the cells in our bone marrow, churn out a hundred trillion per second of hemoglobin, which is a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of the vertebrates. Life consists of genomes, which contain all the information to build and support an organism. Rewriting genomes can eventually affect and change …show more content…
Researchers in this experiment were trying to simplify the genome, as well as elongate the sequence. For protein synthesis to happen ribosomes move along the mRNA, reads each codon, takes the tRNA, the factor that elongates the protein Tu (EF-Tu), and guanosine phosphate (GTP) to produce a protein complex (Rudorf, 2015, p. …show more content…
coli MDS42. They used UAG because it was used in a previous experiment. In addition, they replaced other codons such as; AGC, AGU, UUG, and UUA because these codons were not recognized in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. They used two codons AGG and AGA, the two rarest codons used because the amino acid arginine (AGG/AGA) compromise only two to four percent of the entire E. coli strand. This helped minimize the amount of changes that was done to the final E. coli genome. They saved amino acid sequences of the coding genes and that allowed the DNA to adapt to the synthesis requirements, such as removing restriction sites, normalizing regions of extreme GC content, or guanine-cytosine content, and reduce repetitive sequences. On average, each codon segment had about forty genes and three essential genes to still be able to carry out its normal