DNA repair

responsible for pairing DNA bases with the correct base, and directing the production of RNA molecules, which synthesizes proteins and regulates the expression of other genes, but when some genes are altered or manipulated during DNA replication, they can be very dangerous for the body, and can be possibly deadly. Some of the genes in our body that are mutated can play a positive role in the body in ways such as smoother DNA replication and recombination. Other genes that are mutated do not respond to this change very well, and can lead to many hereditary sicknesses and disorders, and in more severe cases, cancer. One of those types of genes that can be possibly dangerous to the body is Mismatch Repair 1 on (Chromosome 3), which plays a very important role in DNA mismatch repair.…

For example, (alcohol flush reaction) around 50% of Asian people with genetic variation in Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), alcohol metabolizing enzyme. They eliminate alcohol at a slower rate. This variation may keep them away from becoming alcoholic. Based on the review PAPER 12: "DNA Damage and Repair in Vascular Disease" Annu. Rev. Physiol. (2016) 78:5.1-5.22, Respond succinctly and clearly the following three questions: 4. What do the Authors mean when stating "It is often unclear whether…

For example, a high consumption of red meat has been shown to result in an increased risk of colorectal cancer while certain types of fibres (i.e. fruit fibre) could reduce the chances of colorectal cancer. Furthermore, more recent research has linked the impact that food composition patterns on colorectal cancer to gut microbiota composition. It has been shown that microbiota play an important role in colorectal cancer etiology by influencing inflammation, DNA damage and cell death (Louis,…

African Ebola outbreak led scientist to conjure an attenuated vesicular stomatitis vaccine, which has become a potential treatment method for those infected (Feldman, Jones, et al). Within the novel, Kat Potente briefly addresses what she strives Google to offer its users, saying, “There’s a team in Mountain View--we should tell them about this. It’s called Google Forever. They work on life extension. Cancer treatment, organ regeneration, DNA repair” (Sloan 163). In the context of the dialogue,…

“Regenerative medicine holds promise for the treatment of degenerative and genetic diseases” (Marini, 2012, pg 2522). They serve as an internal repair system and divide without limit to replenish other cells. They are different than normal cells in two ways. Firstly, they are unspecialized cells that care able to renew themselves though cell division after long periods of inactivity. Secondly, in some conditions they can be induced to become tissue or organ specific cells with certain special…

and how the condition is diagnosed, as well as treatment options culminating in a prognosis for affected individuals, such as Abbi Taylor in our case. Development of OC The development of ovarian cancer can be attributed to genome mutations, which is the case with Abbi. Genetic mutations in tumour suppressor genes, such as BRCA 1/2 and TP53 genes, can lead to abnormal cell growth and tumorigenesis. Abbi has a germline mutated BRCA1 gene, which is a hereditary variant of the germ cells. BRCA1 is…

BRCA2 is a gene that provides instructions for a protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. The tumor suppressor prevents cells from growing and dividing too quickly. If there is a problem or mutation with this gene it will not work as effectively and would allow cells to produce a tumor. The BRCA2 protein helps to repair damaged DNA. It works by combining with other proteins to fix breaks that may occur in other cells. The official name of BRCA2 is breast cancer 2 – early onset. This is due to…

It is observed that three essential domains are affected the most from a harmful mutation in BRCA1: the N-terminal at RING domain, the coding region of exon 11-13 and the C-terminal coding exon 16-24. (8) The carboxyl terminus contains a BRCT domain. BRCT domains have a role in coding proteins which are involved in cell cycle checkpoints. BRCA1 is in contact with P53 from its BRCT domain and function in DNA damage repair. (8) BRCA1 is a gene that codes for the BRCA1 protein in the body. This…

is observed that three essential domains are affected the most from a harmful mutation in BRCA1: the N-terminal at RING domain, the coding region of exon 11-13 and the C-terminal coding exon 16-24. 8 The carboxyl terminus contains a BRCT domain. BRCT domains have a role in coding proteins that are involved in cell cycle checkpoints. BRCA1 is in contact with P53 from its BRCT domain and functions in DNA damage repair.8 Furthermore, BRCA1 is a gene that codes for the BRCA1 protein in the body.…

During its lifetime all living organisms are subjected to a number of factors threatening the integrity of their DNA. Organisms have evolved to efficiently respond to these DNA insults that result from either endogenous sources (cellular metabolic processes) or exogenous sources (environmental factors). Endogenous sources of DNA damage include hydrolysis, oxidation, alkylation, and mismatch of DNA bases; sources for exogenous DNA damage include ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet (UV)…