DNA repair

post-replication repair by contributing to polyubiquitylation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Up-regulation (12.52-fold) of Rad8 indicated that cold and freeze shock caused DNA damage in the cells, Rad8 was expressed to carry out the repair mechanism in order for the cells to survive. Other DNA damage repair proteins, such as cdc36, and NER were expressed when cells were exposed under cold stress, this observation indicated that rapid cold caused severe damage to the DNA, and…

In the article “Circadian Clock, Cancer, and Chemotherapy,” the authors discuss the relationship between the circadian clock, cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis. The authors then relate these relationships to cancer and treatment of cancer. The article backs their claims with numerous studies performed on both animal and human subjects. It also describes the importance of circadian rhythm in timing of drug delivery for cancer patients. This treatment method has been given the name…

Three medical researchers found how DNA grows and repair itself. It uses a repairing mechanism to fix any problems in a cell's DNA. The three scientists’ names are Sancar, Lyndahl, and Modrich. The scientists explained how, “Our DNA is constantly under assault from ultraviolet rays from the sun and carcinogenic substances.” Without this repairing mechanism cells would die far more quickly than they are made and the person would die. The scientists believe that they can use this information to…

been an advance in the genome editing technology, now known as REPAIR. REPAIR is the newest version of CRISPR, it targets the RNA instead of the DNA so that it does not edit the entirety of the human genome (Mumal). The question now is; is this cause for alarm?…

The certain mutations required for detection, signaling, and repair of DNA damage can actually lead to more DNA damage, the incorrect repair of damage, and cancer. If DNA repair pathways that are needed for the life and growth of a tumor can be found and delayed, then the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy can and will be much more successful (Bolderson, Richard, Zhou…

Daniel Huang Chapter 9 1. Mutations can be very negative in that it can cause cancer in somatic cells. However it is important to note that mutations will also lead to variability which is beneficial to us. Mutations in intergenic DNA affects regulations of protein products which is actually less detrimental than mutations in exons which code for the proteins. 2. Transition is the error that causes the base to change from a purine to purine or pyrimidine to pyrimidine. Transverses are base…

in transferring human language called DNA from generation to generation. DNA stands for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acids, it contains genetic information for our cells. It contains all the essential elements of the universe, in such precise quantity, that it sustains life. Our DNA, is able to instruct the cell in terms of which protein they have to make.Following the instructions, the protein created determines the cell function, so basically DNA controls all cellular functions. This is…

when in low concentrations, could be mutagenic and carcinogenic but another cause of human exposure to this type of agents is cancer chemotherapy, in which they are choose due to their ability to induce extensive DNA damage and cell death (9). They also can induce a great quantity of DNA lesions because they can react with different…

and Mismatch repair are crucial processes in DNA replication, their existence reduces the likelihood of a mutation occurring by a significant amount. In fact, proofreading reduces the likelihood of errors occurring to approximately one in every ten million nucleotides (Pierce, 2012-pp354). This essay will emphasise the importance of proofreading during, and mismatch repair post DNA replication and explore its significance in the mechanisms that drive Lynch syndrome. In eukaryotes 3 DNA…

Introduction Many names, gene therapy, gene editing, genetic spell checking, chromosomal correction, targeted gene repair, and chromosomal engineering have been given to a process that could be the cure for certain genetic disorders where only one gene is affected, such as sickle cell anemia or parkinson’s disease. Germline editing would be a more permanent procedure as it would change the certain genetic sequences which would be inherited by future offspring. Scientists are moving closer…