Nitric oxide

The human microbiome project The Human microbiome project was the first step into research about bacteria that is present in the human body, and the association with disease. The project was launched in 2007 and was set out to be a five year program. It was funded by the United States National Institute of Health (NIH) however it involved many specialist from many countries worldwide, the original funding was around $115 million. The main purpose of the project was to analyse “how changes in…

Tibetans, Andeans and Ethiopians are three small tribes who live in high elevations and conditions that, for lowlanders, would be considered hazardous and unsafe; but for them, it is an everyday life struggle. Just like those who live in remote, extreme climates, like the Inuits, these tribes have changed their whole genetic make-up in order to survive these conditions peacefully. Communities living in high altitudes and climates could be prime examples of how to survive in the harshest…

2. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES: 2.1. What are Monoclonal Antibodies? 2.1.1. “Clones” A clone is a group (family) of cells which come from a single parent cell that divides various times and are identical in all ways. In their structure, metabolic characteristics, functions, etc. 2.1.2. “Antibodies” An antibody is a protein which is produced by the human body’s immune system when it detects a substance that may be harmful (antigens like: bacteria, viruses, chemicals, parasites, etc). Antibodies…

Pollution is one of the most serious problems that affect our environment, and its effects on all life aspects are clear to everyone. Because of this, pollution is one of the most serious issues that all the word countries are concerned about. As time goes, the pollution problem increases and also the population growth increase. The increase in demand for water and food supplies place an increasing stress on the ground and surface water quality and quantity. One of the environmental problems…

1. After long term exposure to altitude, the body makes several adjustments in order to perform physical activity in the hypoxic condition. A) What chronic adaptations are most beneficial for performance at altitude? When one goes into high altitudes their immediate response are somewhat negative the increase in ventilation, decrease in carbon dioxide, respiratory alkalosis, being in a hypoxic state and many more. However, when having an exercise performance such as the winter Olympics one…

bran oil is due to its ability to inhibit eicosanoids production, reduce oxidative stress, matrix metallo proteinases and C-reactive protein in inside the environment of macrophages (Rukkumani et al, 2012). Rice bran could reduce the levels of nitric oxides, Il-1β, Il-6, TNF-α, COX-2 and 5-LOX expressions in mice (Choi et al, 2013). Recently, it has been shown that up-regulation of adeponectin levels via indirect activation of PPARγ through inhibition of NF-κB (Islam et…

Introduction Parasitic helminth infections are an important burden to global public health, causing great morbidity in humans and livestock. Estimates claim that up to a quarter of the world´s population is affected by soil-transmitted helminths (1), although the incidences are mainly restricted to developing countries, due to poor sanitation resources and health care. Considering these facilities are relatively modern, it is likely that until the 19th century all human beings were infected…

neurotrophic factors from neurons in synaptic activity, which stimulates neurogenesis and synaptic neural plasticity. The second is the reduction of free radicals in the hippocampus as well as the increase in superoxide dismutase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. The third mechanism is that exercise releases peripheral signals that support the demand of active neuronal networks (Precoma-Mendiola…

How Does Hydroxyurea Work To Treat Sickle Cell Anemia? Problem: Suffering From Sickle Cell Anemia. Sickle cell anaemia is a severe hereditary form of anaemia. Anemia is a condition where there is an inadequate amount of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood. HBB also known as haemoglobin beta or Beta globin is 146 amino acids long that makes up most of the haemoglobin in adult humans. HBB protein is produced by the gene HBB that is located in the multigene locus of β-globin locus on…

Not every patient that suffers from a heart failure is a candidate for a heart transplant. Some patients are sometimes too sick or have other medical issues that will not allow their transplant to be successful. In order to determine whether the patient is a candidate for a heart transplant, their medical condition must meet the requirements of the transplant team. Other tests may also be performed such as: echocardiogram, coronary angiogram or peak VO2 assessment. Echocardiogram measures the…