Nitric oxide

There have been discoveries of haplotypes for distinct region specific mutations of the HbS genes. The four African Haplotypes include the Senegal, Benin, Bantu, and Cameroon haplotypes. There has also been one discovery of an Asian haplotype referred to as the Arab-Indian haplotype [1]. The occurrence of these haplotypes indicates that the increase in sickle cell anemia is related to the incidence of malaria in the surrounding regions [8]. Evidence that supports the link between the…

experiments to understand molecular physics, particularly the heat-absorbing abilities of atmospheric gases. Tyndall found that molecules absorb more heat than their individual atomic components, and that the naturally-occurring greenhouse gas nitric oxide absorbs approximately one thousand times more infrared energy than nitrogen or oxygen alone. The concept of climate change as a result of increasing greenhouse gases was first proposed by Svante Arrhenius in the late nineteenth century.…

Ammonium Nitrate: Oklahoma City Bombing Ammonium nitrate or NH4NO3 is “an odorless, colorless or white, crystal salt produced by the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid” that has become the cause of numerous fatal explosions and hundreds of innocent deaths (The Fertilizer Institute, pp. 1, n.d.). It is most commonly used in the creation of fertilizers. The original problem that led to the use of this chemical was the increasing population and larger demand for food which meant farmers needed to…

The newest fashion statement all the way from Southeastern Asia is colorful, inexpensive, innovative, and protective. Face masks can be self-decorated with any original design and have been a common accessory in China as people face the ominous threat that their own air poses to them. However, having poor air quality is not a situation unique to the Chinese only, despite Beijing being the better known through news sources. Cities in India and Pakistan claim the top 7 most polluted cities…

benzene rings, hydroxyl groups, double bonds or halogens.127 The polymer surfaces can be functionalised via nitration,135 amination,135 bromination,136 sulfonation,122,137,138 benzoylation,139 and carboxylation.138 The modification of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) as an example is discussed. The substitution of PPO by either nitro or amino group resulted in increased chain stiffness, increased packing density, and lower thermal stability than unsubstituted PPO.135 Bromination of PPO at the aryl…

Electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, have become very popular over the past decade among adults and adolescents. There has been a lot of buzz around e-cigarettes and there is little evidence known of whether or not they are harmful long term. Critics of e-cigarettes claim that they are targeted towards adolescents, there are short term effects, long term effects, and more research still needs to be done to know the full dangers. On the other hand, advocates of e-cigarettes claim…

A trend that is seen in modern society’s altering views towards consumption commonly thought of as harmful substances. Slowly, we are being coaxed by medical studies and word of mouth that what is unhealthy for us could in reality benefit us. Wine, in particular red wine, has risen in popularity as an alcoholic drink that could benefit the heart and cardiovascular system. But while this buzz claim has been studied and small potential benefits may exist, as of yet is not uniformly supported by…

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the bronchial mucosa that causes bronchial hyper responsiveness, constriction of the airways, and variable airflow obstruction that is reversible. Asthma occurs at all ages, with approximately half of all cases developing during childhood and another third before age 40 (McCance & Huether, 2014). The most common symptom of asthma is wheezing. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, chronic coughing, chest tightness, and trouble sleeping at…

for the smooth muscle. o Neuropeptides, hormones and neurotransmitters affect gastric emptying • Anatomical controls: o Sphincters: esophageal and stomach  LES, which controls the release of food into the stomach and prevents from reflux • Nitric oxide and VIP inhibit closure of LES • Secondary peristalsis occurs if not all…

MUSTAFA MADE BY: HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN 11/05/2014 HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN 2 3. WHAT ARE SOFT DRINKS ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Soft drink is also known as club soda, soda water, sparkling water, carbonated water & fizzy water. It is water into which carbon di oxide gas under pressure has been dissolve, a process that cause the water to become effervescent. and the process is called carbonation. Soft drinks have become so much a part of modern living, especially in major cities around the world. It…