Infrared spectroscopy

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) It is one of the classical techniques used routinely to derive information regarding the various bond types, the presence of different functional groups and interaction among them. FTIR spectroscopy provides opportunities to identify the unknown materials. In infrared spectroscopy the infrared radiations are passed through a sample. A portion of the radiation is absorbed by the sample…

approximately 10 degrees less than the ideal melting point of 94°C, which could be interpreted as deficiency of purity. The infrared spectroscopy, support this reasoning because shows a peak at 3316.65 cm-1, that appears to be a residues of water. This means that during the drying of the crystals on the Hirsch funnel the procedure failed. We can also see on the infrared spectroscopy, peaks at 1656 cm-1 indicating the double bond between carbon and oxygen. Three peaks appeared between 1449.60…

separating the 100 % agave tequilas from the mixed ones. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of various samples of authentic tequila purchased in Mexico and Germany using ion chromatography (IC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was expected…

Esters have a very sweet fruity smell. Esters are commonly used in the preparation of artificial flavors or fragrances. Flavors and fragrances may utilize a single ester or a mixture of esters and other substances to duplicate the odor and flavor of a particular fruit. Naturally occurring esters are found in fruits. An ester is a product of the reaction of an acid (carboxylic acid) and an alcohol (the hydrogen of the acid R-COOH is replaced by an alkyl group R'). Esters mainly result…

In the meantime we can look at the brightest targets, typically Jupiter-sized planets in close-orbits, i.e. “hot Jupiters,” with current ground-based telescopes. I propose to develop a ground-breaking technique that uses optical high-resolution spectroscopy to study the atmospheric properties of other worlds, including their composition, structure (e.g. clouds and stratospheres), and dynamics (e.g. global wind patterns and rotation…

identify p-nitroacetanilide using acetanilide as the starting material. To test for the purity and identification of our desired product, we gathered data from: Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Melting Point (MP) range, Infrared (IR) spectrum, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR). TLC plate indicated the formation of our pure product due to the difference in Rf values between starting material and product, 0.83 and 0.72 respectively. IR…

bond with acetic anhydride, also required heat and a catalyst, phosphoric acid, in order to beak and extract the bond. The solution used water in order to purify the solution in the way of recrystallization. The product was characterized using IR spectroscopy and melting point. The pure aspirin product that was formed in this experiment which had a chemical yield of 54.3% and had a melting point range of 117.8-125.2C. Chemical Synthesis is a process that starts with a simple structure, which…

Introduction: The purpose for this experiment is to carry out the dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol, which undergoes an E1 mechanism by following Saytzev’s rule to form different product such as 1-methylcyclohexanol, 3-methylcyclohexanol and methylenecyclohexane. The reaction can be dehydrated using sulfuric acid and H3PO4. The dehydration mechanism occurs in several steps like – 1. Converting the OH group into a better leaving group that is deprotonating with H3PO4. 2. Removing a…

Q7) Describe how emission line spectroscopy is used in astronomy for the evaluation of star composition light years away from Earth. Please provide detailed information. The spectrum of stars consists of bright lines and dark lines. These lines are produced when the star emits or absorbs energy at specific wavelengths. Emission line spectroscopy is used in order to find out the star’s colour spectrum. The spectrum can be found by using a visible light telescope or by collecting radiation that…

B Sridhar et al (2012) studied Purification and Characterization of Biosurfactants. The emulsifications of biosurfactants were checked in various oils such as olive, coconut, sunflower and rice bran oils, the emulsification activity of biosurfactants. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had higher emulsification activity than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. While checking the sugar and lipid content in biosurfactants by phenol sulphuric acid method and vanillin reagent method, found high in Pseudomonas aeruginosa…