Infrared spectroscopy

than the literature value of 144°C, indicating that there were some impurities in the substance. A possible reason for the lower melting point of the derivative could be the presence of moisture. This was followed by the NMR analysis and IR spectroscopy. Based on the NMR analysis, it was concluded that the compound was 2-pentanone. There was a confirmation of 4 distinct peaks, reflecting the 4 distinct types of hydrogen. The area represented by the 4 peaks was 10, which…

CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Preparation of Bis-Thiourea Derivatives The mixture of heptanoyl chloride and ammonium thiocynate with 1,4-phenylene diamine appeared as homogeneous solution. White precipitate was formed immediately when the solution was filtered into the beaker containing ice cubes. Then, the precipitate was filtered again and rinsed by ethanol before being dried in the desiccator. The physical data of the synthesized bis-thiourea derivatives are shown in Table 4.1.…

We’re currently in the technology era, with new things being developed and discovered almost every day. Something crazy is always in the works and the next big technology always seems to be right around the corner. Self-driving cars and iPhones aside, some of the biggest advancements are happening in the industry of space exploration and physics. SpaceX just recently landed a launched rocket safely onto a barge out in the ocean, LIGO discovered that Einstein’s predicted gravitational waves are…

the analysis of the absorption wavelengths gives information on the molecules interactions with its surrounding moieties (Paschalis, 2009). FTIR (Fourier Transform spectroscopy) spectra offer information on all tissues components (Wen et al. 2009). Human proteins and mineral constituents give intense, structure sensitive to infrared radiation modes (Paschalis, 2009). Figure 1, is an example of Fourier Transform spectrum of bone powder (Paschalis,…

Since Mars is much distant from Earth, observations are done through the use of thermal infrared spectroscopy of THEMIS and Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) which aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (Wray et al., 2013, 1013). CRISM absorbs infrared wavelengths that reflect on the planet’s surface detecting rock compositions. Although Mars was said to have no felsic rock formation, CRISM detected areas…

The observed experimental melting point of the product was determined to be 235-137 oC. When compared to the literature melting point 228 oC of the predicted product, 5-iodosalicylamide, it can be concluded that the product is very pure. Infrared spectroscopy revealed three peaks at frequencies ~1650 cm-1, 3196-3333 cm-1, and 3439 cm-1. Those peaks indicate the presence of an amide, amine, and an alcohol, respectively.…

Diagnosis of lymphedema requires a detailed medical history and physical exam [15]. From medical history, patients with breast cancer and lymphedema may report symptoms such as sensation of arm fullness and mild discomfort, which are seen in the early stages of the condition, whereas joint immobility, pain, and skin changes are noted frequently in the later stages of lymphedema. Furthermore, changes may include pitting of tissues, increased thickness of skin folds, and enlargement of the…

The development of new drug discovery technologies like high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, etc. has led to the discovery of a large number drugs that are poorly water soluble.(1,2) Approximately 40% of the NCEs are poorly water soluble and has poor bioavailability.(3) The successful clinical use of these molecules requires the application of solubility enhancement based formulation approaches. Among the various solubility enhancement technique like use of cosolvents,…

The purpose of this lab was to perform reduction of ketones by reducing 4-t-butylcyclohexanone with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to form 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. At the end of this experiment, the infrared spectroscopy was obtain for the final product, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. The IR graph showed the presence of the desired product, and it also showed if the reaction went to completion or not. In addition, the mass of the final product was obtained to determine the percent yield. To a 5mL conical…

Both the crude and pure 3-nitrochalcone were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to test for…