Ingroup

Aggression and Racial Ingroup and Outgroup Ostracism Belonging was necessary for the establishment of mental health, reproductive success, and security in human (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). The advantages in establishing and maintaining social connections were numerous, for example obtained social support from groups, accessed critical resources and potential mates, and protected from environmental dangers (Buss, 1990). In fact, Baumeister and Leary (1995) suggested that belonging to social groups was so vital to human survival that should be count as one of the basic needs, together with shelter and nourishment. In view of the importance of belonging, numerous research examined the response of people when they did not belong, through the act…

youth will be “more accepting of diversity” and “more skeptical of anything that sounds like bigotry or racism.” A concept that is expected by some to have such widespread effect on the future of the United States is worthy of a closer look. A deeper understanding of the contact hypothesis may add a crucial component to conversations on prejudice. The contact hypothesis is the idea that when a person from one social group interacts with someone outside of their group, they are less likely to be…

presence of ingroup bias; it is said that this ingroup bias supports a positive self-concept, feeds favoritism, and fosters outgroup disliking. People often identify their positive self-image with the self-image of their ingroup (DiDonato & others, 2011). So when our ingroup has been successful we often feel a sense of pride, and our identity for our ingroup is strengthened. For this reason men and women are often segregated because the feeling of pride and ingroup identity is strengthened when…

Humans enjoy organizing things. More specifically, we enjoy grouping other humans. Many social categories are formed based on the similarities of people in them. Stereotypes are clusters of characteristic that are associated with all members of a specific social group, often including qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define the group. They are based on the assumption that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group. Attributing…

This article talks about how people react when they are/feel excluded. Certain people have different coping mechanisms for this and reasons why they are hurt by being excluded. The authors in this article go in depth as to what factors could lead people to having a lower sense of fear that people get from exclusion and the psychology behind it all. The main theory of this article basically acknowledges the fact that people are discomforted by rejection and exclusions. When people are excluded…

In his speech announcing his campaign for presidency, Trump specifically states that the Mexican people are “bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists” (Trump 1). Winders, like many other media figures, noted the polarizing effect these comments held, describing how shocked he was in response to Trump’s claims (Winders 1). Given the media’s drastic response, a divide erupted between Trump supporters and critics. Trump’s demonizing of Mexican immigrants illustrates Roberts-Miller’s…

The Leadership-Exchange Theory The Leadership-Exchange Theory (LMX) according to Northouse (2013) had its origins in what was known as the Vertical Dyad Linkage Theory. The theory was based on how leaders and administrators advance relationships with subordinates in an effort to contribute to the work environment and mission accomplishment. Furunes, Mykletun, Einarsen, & Glaso, (2015) suggest that leaders use unique exchange relationships depending on the talents and motivation of their…

Movie Analysis Take yourself back to 1963 in Jackson Mississippi; you are right in the middle of the civil rights movement. The movie The Help (Taylor 2011) is an enlightening film depicting a group of women who are deprived of simple luxuries because of the color of their skin. There are many examples of: Modern Racism, Outgroups, System Justification Model, and Social Categorization in this movie. Most of us would say if I lived in that era I wouldn’t stand by and do nothing while these…

One psychological reason why people stereotype others is because of ingroup favoritism. Ingroup favoritism is when people tend to favor people who are in their “group”. Many psychology professors have researched this topic, including Marilyn Brewer. Marilyn Brewer, in her summary of evidence, stated, "Ultimately, many forms of discrimination and bias may develop not because outgroups are hated, but because positive emotions such as admiration, sympathy, and trust are reserved for the ingroup"…

studies partially supported my hypotheses. As predicted, White individuals felt more betrayed by low SES plaintiffs than high SES plaintiffs, but only when the plaintiff also had a counter-stereotypical job (i.e., a rap musician). In the case of low SES White rappers, perceptions of racial ingroup betrayal led to a shorter suspension length, by a week, for the policeman involved in an altercation with the plaintiff, compared to high SES White rappers. This result suggests that incidents between…