Protein

Nephrotic syndrome is caused by the filtration system becoming more permeable and an increase of proteins being able to cross the epithelial boundary. Nephrotic syndrome is not a disease of the glomerulus, but an issue with the how large proteins are filtered. Due to the loss of the protein plasma, the patient begins to retain fluid and experience edema. The high levels of cholesterol in the blood and urine are thought to occur because the liver produces to compensate for the high albumin…

maintain life and reproduce. It also regulates the synthesis of protein by sending mRNA to the ribosomes of the cell as a template for protein production. The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell, deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, which is…

subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the metabolic condition caused by a production of abnormal Notch 3 receptor proteins. The result of these abnormal proteins causes thickening of blood vessel walls that block the flow of blood to the brain. This is caused by a mutation in the Notch 3 gene. Cells containing abnormal Notch 3 receptor proteins results in disrupted normal functionality and ultimately leads to apoptosis of these cells. As the name of CADASIL suggests, it is an…

involved a type of protein and that the water would have to pass by it could maintain continuous pressure . His research began around the 1980s when he studied membrane proteins from red blood cells and discovered them in the kidneys as well. When I analyzed the two peptides and the corresponding sequence, I realized that this was the protein many others wanted to know, and the cellular water channel. Agar agreed to his theory by conducting a test where he compared cells that were proteins…

Macromolecules Macromolecules are complex carbon based molecules that all have different functions and monomers, there are four different groups of macromolecules that include, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids. Carbohydrates are polymers made from monosaccharides, which are simple sugars like glucose and fructose, these are used as a good source of energy. Monosaccharides, the monomer of carbohydrates, are just one sugar unit, they are the simplest form of carbohydrates, but…

function. These functions include providing instructions for enzymes to create the cell’s main energy source ATP. Also the remaining genes take part in the transfer of tRNA and rRNA. These types of RNA help construct amino acids into functional proteins. These proteins that are generated are involved in the cellular respiration process, which is the process of converting chemical energy from food to ATP. ATP is the main source of energy that travels throughout the cell and provides the cell with…

leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) (10, 11). It is one of three RUNX proteins found in humans, all of which possess a highly conserved 128 amino acid Runt DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus. The Runt domain is important for binding with consensus sequence (PyGPyGGTPy) in DNA and with core binding factor subunit beta (CBF-β) (12). CBF-β heterodimerizes (13) with RUNX1, enhances RUNX1 affinity for the DNA by 10 fold (14) and stabilizes RUNX proteins against…

backbone of living cells to essentially perform the processes from cell division to death through the DNA, RNA, and protein information ways. More specifically, the central dogma defines the transfer of sequence information during DNA replication, transcription into RNA, and translation into amino-acid chains forming proteins. It also states that information cannot flow from protein to protein or nucleic acid. In addition, Hirao & Kimoto (2012) stated that: Through molecular biology studies,…

control, protein sorting, trafficking, cell to cell communication and modulation of inflammatory responses as well (Acconcia et al., 2009; Hampton and Garza, 2009; Huang, 2010; Liu, 2004; Polo, 2012; Weake and Workman, 2008). Destroying capacity of E3 ligases is associated with maintenance of cellular proteostasis by regulating the turnover of cellular proteins, using degradatory pathways of autophagy and proteasome (Kuang et…

Identifying the Presence of Macromolecules Using Benedict’s, Biuret’s, Sudan III, and Lugol’s Solution Betty Ngo Introduction Macromolecules are the critically important large molecules that fall into four main classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Macromolecules are polymers which are built up by monomers. Monomers become polymers from the process dehydration reaction and polymers are broken apart by the process hydrolysis. Macromolecules are critically important…