An important transcription factor necessary for T cell development and differentiation is Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), also known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) (10, 11). It is one of three RUNX proteins found in humans, all of which possess a highly conserved 128 amino acid Runt DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus. The Runt domain is important for binding with consensus sequence (PyGPyGGTPy) in DNA and with core binding factor subunit beta (CBF-β) (12). CBF-β heterodimerizes (13) with RUNX1, enhances RUNX1 affinity for the DNA by 10 fold (14) and stabilizes RUNX proteins against proteolytic degradation (15). RUNX proteins contain a nuclear localization signal that allows the transport of the CBFβ-RUNX complex to the nucleus and regulates gene expression (16, 17). The RUNX proteins are highly similar and share a common DNA binding site. However, they share different physiologic
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They function primarily through binding with a ligand-gated Cl- ion channel, gamma-Aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR), and enhance the effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA by increasing the frequency of Cl- channel opening and therefore potentiate the inhibitory effect of GABA (26). BDZs have also been shown to bind peripheral BDZ receptors (27, 28) that bind (29) and transport cholesterol from outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of several metabolic pathways (30) (31). These PBRs are also known as translocator proteins (TSPO), which are mitochondrial outer membrane proteins found in many tissues (31). Tao Zhou et. Al has shown that TSPO inhibits HIV-1 envelope protein and inhibition of TSPO by diazepam or its derivative Ro5-4864, rescued HIV-1 replication (32, 33). This suggests that some BDZs may activate HIV-1 through inhibition of
They function primarily through binding with a ligand-gated Cl- ion channel, gamma-Aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR), and enhance the effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA by increasing the frequency of Cl- channel opening and therefore potentiate the inhibitory effect of GABA (26). BDZs have also been shown to bind peripheral BDZ receptors (27, 28) that bind (29) and transport cholesterol from outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of several metabolic pathways (30) (31). These PBRs are also known as translocator proteins (TSPO), which are mitochondrial outer membrane proteins found in many tissues (31). Tao Zhou et. Al has shown that TSPO inhibits HIV-1 envelope protein and inhibition of TSPO by diazepam or its derivative Ro5-4864, rescued HIV-1 replication (32, 33). This suggests that some BDZs may activate HIV-1 through inhibition of