Geodesy

With the advance of technology there is a new form of survey that is creating a lot of debate. It is called Coordinate based Cadastre. A GPS/GNSS based system of survey. In today’s world of surveying the debate is, whether to stay with the tried and true methods that are in place today for surveying, or do adapt and embrace the ever advancing new technology in the form of a coordinate based cadaster. This debate is being felt all over the world. Many provinces in Canada and other countries of the world are starting to look at the feasibility of incorporating this new technology. However, I will be concentrating on Canada for now. Seeing as the old and new system are capable of creating Cadastres lets first look at what a Cadastre is. Every country in the world uses some form of cadastre mapping in order to identify parcels of land, and borders. There are three parts to a parcel of land; the owner or interested party of the land, the surveyor who marks the property with monuments, and the plans and maps of the property. (Ballantyne, Northern Lights: Defining Boundaries with Coordinates, 2008) It is a way for a country to control ownership of real estate whether that is public or private. (Cadastre, 2009) Cadastre mapping was first used in the Roman Empire to control taxation. (Cadastre, 2009) The current method of surveying uses a hands on approach. It requires a surveyor to physically mark out a property using monuments (with posts, pits, bars, pins or mounds) using various…

As a new member of the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority, I have been assigned to do a GPS survey and a GIS analysis of the Kennedy Valley Trail (Sam Rayson Valley Trail) for the purpose of the development of the trail as there are no amenities in the trail. To get a general idea of how things are placed in a trail, I did a pre-survey on the trail west of Kennedy Rd. (Etobicoke Creek Trail) and found that it was quite undeveloped as well. Below is the data of how many light posts there…

Materials and Methods The sampling of the Gambusia holbrooski was done in Hennington Pond at FIU. The class was divided into five groups each tasked with obtaining thirty samples of mosquitofish. These samples were obtained randomly using a landing net and a bucket of water that contained water from the pond to put the fish. The collected fish were measured and their length recorded (in mm) from the apex of the lower jaw towards the posterior end. The measurement was done using a small ruler…

Skills that are needed to take care of ourselves are diminishing. Reliance on high-tech gadgets allow people to get the answer without the necessary skills needed to get it. GPS, medical monitors and cell phones all contribute to the important skills diminishing. First, with GPS devices we no longer need to learn how to navigate or read a map. All you need is the address or coordinates for where you want to go and the GPS can give you directions and in some cases even navigate you, turn to…

In modern times there are many things that help us figure things out. Things that range from technology, rules, equations, previous discoveries and so on, but in the times of Aristotle there was not much of that. There were many inspired scholars that worked to discover and invent things to help understand the world and how it works. One of those remarkable scholars was Eratosthenes of Cyrene who lived to be about eighty-two years old. Eratosthenes was born in Greece in a colony known as Cyrene…

Newtonian dynamics in the form of mathematical analysis (famousscientists.org) His most famous equation associated with geometry is the Euler Formula. The formula is (V - E + F = 2). It states ‘For any polyhedron that doesn't intersect itself, the Number of Faces plus the Number of Vertices (corner points) minus the Number of Edges always equals 2” (mathsisfun.com). In conclusion, Leonhard Euler was one of math's most preeminent thinkers because of what he contributed to many areas of the math…

Space agency: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Mission name: InSight Target(s): The target of the InSight mission is to place a lander on Mars that would drill below the surface of Mars to investigate its interior structure. This mission is designed to get a better understanding of Mars' evolution. One of InSight’s main targets is to answer the question “How did the terrestrial planets form?” Proposed launch year: May 5, 2018 MISSION SUMMARY (350-400 words) InSight stands for…

1 made the first detection of radiation trapped by the earth's magnetic field. Over the next fifteen years they had released more than fifty Explorers to study the radiation, particles, and magnetic fields. However, after 1960, JPL had turned the explorer series over to the new Goddard space flight center in Greenbelt Md., and focused its attention on planetary exploration. Military satellites are used for very important purposes. Some things that they use satellites for is researching,…

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss was a German mathematician was referred to as "the prince of mathematics" and "greatest mathematician since antiquity." Mainly because he contributed remarkably to many fields such as statistics, algebra, number theory, geodesy analysis, geophysics, and astronomy. With his parents being poor class-working parents in Brunswick, he showed many signs of being endowed with uncommon abilities. Carl began to amaze his teachers with his vividness at school and made a…

Alphonse Allais mentions, “Statistics have shown that mortality increases perceptibly in the military during wartime” (Statistics Quotes, 2). The author, Stephen M. Stigler, written the book title “The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty before 1900”, expressing the beginnings of statistics between the years 1700 to 1900. Stigler demonstrated how the roles of statistics play in applied sciences of “astronomy, geodesy, experimental psychology, genetics, and sociology”…