Antibody

B cells have cell-surface immunoglobulin molecules as receptors for antigen and, upon activation, secrete the immunoglobulin as soluble antibody that provides defense against pathogens in the extracellular spaces of the body. T cells have receptors that recognize peptide fragments of intracellular pathogens transported to the cell surface by the glycoproteins of the major histocompatibility…

NK-cells (natural killers) represent a heterogeneous lymphocytes population of innate immune system. They have a natural cytolytic activity, are capable of producing cytokines and chemokines and are involved in the antiviral and antitumor body control. In the quiescent state, an average diameter of NK-cell is about 8.7 microns, while in the moment of its activation it may increase its size up to 10-12 microns (Ferlazzo et al., 2004). This feature was the reason for the initial determination of…

substances such as bacteria and viruses that stimulate the immune systems to produced autoantibodies. When a T cell recognized antigens in body, it will produce cytokines that will cause B cells to multiply in number and release protein called antibodies. This antibodies will travel and circulate widely in the bloodstream of human bodies, recognizing the foreign particles and trigger inflammation to get rid the…

Numerous toxicants have some sought of an affect the human body. These come in a variety of ways, but in the process more often the most affected happens to be the respiratory, immune system, along with the liver. These are primary systems within the body that are vital in order for each of us function and survive. Therefore if by some chance these if any of these systems/organ manage to fail, the likely outcome would be that a person becomes very ill. While technology has come a long way, as…

The body’s immune system is a group of cells and tissues responsible to protect body from foreign organism like bacteria, viruses and fungi. Antibodies, one of the cells that recognize these foreign organism and will destroy them (Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine : The Gale Group, Inc., 2008). Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that recognize the body’s own tissues as foreign invaders. Autoimmune disease is a disorder in which the immune system fights the body’s own cells…

blood transfusions from convalescent patients, resulting in a 12.5 per cent case fatality rate among 8 patients, as opposed to almost 90 per cent overall case fatality rate for the virus. (Mupapa, p. s18) Another alternative is attempting to use antibodies to neutralize the Ebola virus. (Maruyama, p. S235) In the case of blood transfusion, it…

Hippocrates is considered the father of medicine, and it turns out the guy was right about a lot of things. For instance, he is known for having claimed that “All disease begins in the gut.” These words were spoken 2,500 years ago, and today’s scientists are just beginning to understand how right he was. As it turns out, poor gut health can absolutely hinder thyroid function and trigger autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto’s disease. Leaky Gut and Autoimmune Response The human GI tract…

Introduction: Immunity is a complex system of study related to expelling pathogenic substances (viruses, bacteria, parasites) from the body. It is separated into two distinct categories: the innate immune system and the acquired immune system. The innate immune system is comprised of the body’s first line of defense which consist of physical barriers and certain cell types. The acquired immune system is more specific, actually focusing in on the individual pathogen in question. Focusing on…

TITLE PLATELET RICH FIBRIN USED IN THE REGENERATION OF INTRAOSSEOUS DEFECT IN AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS PATIENT – A CASE REPORT ABSTRACT (Words: 127) Background: Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a fibrin matrix made of platelets, cytokines and growth factors. It releases growth factors essential for regeneration for healing. Case Report: PRF was obtained by a simple process from a generalized aggressive patient. PRF obtained was placed in the…

Synthesis and antibacterial activities of some Substituted 2-styrylquinolines Quinoline nucleus is present in many biologically active classes of compounds. Some of them are used as antiprotozoic, antibacterial and antifungal drugs [1]. Among the various classes of quinolines, 2-styryl quinolines form an important group having a wide spectrum of biological activities [2 – 8] including HIV integrase inhibition activity [9 - 15]. The general method for the synthesis of these derivatives is via…