There are few obstacles on this earth that everyone can relate to, and will encounter at one point or another in life, and stress is one of these obstacles. Sure, the source of the stress will vary from person to person, but in the end, everyone will have countless amounts of stress in their lifetime. Stress is an issue that effects a person, both mentally and physically, and takes an enormous toll on the human body. This paper will discuss how the immune system functions, how stress is directly…
Celiac Disease Celiac disease also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy. It effects a person’s digestive system. It has an adverse reaction to gluten based products. Gluten is defined as a gluey protein substance esp. of wheat flour that causes dough to be sticky. (Merriam-Webster) Enteropathy is defined as a disease of the intestinal tract. Gluten is found in food based of wheat, rye, barley, such as cereal, bread, pasta and biscuits. When you eat food that has gluten as an ingredient, your…
Identification of CD40 and its role in the immune system The CD154, also known as CD40 ligand pathway is widely known for its significant role in immune regulation and homeostasis. It is identified by an antibody which is expressed on many cells in the immune system, for example, on dentritic cells, on B cells, on basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. It is also can be found on epithelial cells, on smooth muscle cells, on keralino cytes, and on fibroblasts. The main function of CD40 is that it…
call the immune system. So how does the immune system work you may ask? In simple sense, when foreign substances enter the body, the body detects these substances and triggers the lymphocytes to produce antibodies. These antibodies stick to the antigens to help stop it from further production. Antibodies are a major element to the…
substances that would otherwise be seen as harmless. Allergies rank high on the list among the world’s most common health conditions. They begin when an allergen, the substance responsible for the reaction, causes the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, which coat mast cells. On subsequent re-exposure to the allergen, IgE reacts and causes the release of histamine and other inflammatory products from mast cells. These released substances lead to several of the signs and symptoms…
types of lymphocytes. T-helper cells are responsible for directing and magnifying the immune system via production of cytokines. T-cytotoxic cells identify and lyse cells that are infected with viruses or cancer. Soluble proteins otherwise known as antibody, are produced by B cells to carry out procedures such as preventing free virus from entering into cells by binding to them and neutralizing bacterial…
Autoimmunity is the immune system over activity that begin producing antibodies to attack the body’s own tissues instead of fighting infections. The most common evidence of autoimmune response post TBI was reported as hypothalamic-pituitary autoimmunity (APA){Guaraldi:2015bc}. Recently, autoimmunity trigged by other released…
Staining is performed in the presence of Fc Block (eBioscience) at a 1:200 dilution on FACs buffer containing 2 mM EDTA and 5% FBS. Cells are stained with the following antibodies: FITC-PDCA (Miltenyi Biotec), PE-IRF7 (eBioscience), PE-Cy7-CD11C (BioLegend), PerCPCy5.5-F480 (Biolegend), and APC-CD45 (BD Biosciences). Cells are stained for 30 minutes on ice in the dark followed by rinsing in PBS. Cells are then run on the…
85% in SLE diagnosis. Accordingly, person is classified to have SLE based on the presence of a proven lupus nephritis with biopsy and positive anti-dsDNA or ANA antibodies have been satisfied.…
limitations of ELISA based testing are the hourly delay; the time in which antigen binds to the coated antibodies. The excessive use of reagents to coat and wash the 96-well plate, and the 96-well plates it is self where the assay is performed on. Therefore, this article introduces 3D printing platforms for ELISA 96-well plates. With 3D plates, sensitivity of the assay increased as well as antibody binding time to the 96-well plates bay 2 to 3 folds of the traditional ELISA plate would take.…