Nitrification

BI374 – Phys. App. Of Microbiology TA: Aaron Coristine Student Name: Shane Thorn Student ID: 161668950 January 30, 2017 Discussion Questions General 1. Ammonification is the microbial degradation of nitrogenous compounds resulting in ammonia. Nitrification is a process by which ammonia is oxidized to nitrite and then nitrite is oxidized to nitrate. Denitrification is a process by which nitrate is converted into nitrogen gas or nitrous oxide by denitrifiers. Nitrogen fixation is a process by…

Posttreatment of anaerobically treated DWW by aerobic activated sludge using SBR and membrane UF was investigated. The aim of this study was to reduce the organic loading (COD and BOD), nutrients (TKN, NO2, NO3 and TP) and total suspended solids (TSS) of anaerobically treated DWW effluent first by the activated sludge system using SBR and further treated by ceramic tubular membrane UF separately to investigate the possibility of the reusing the effluent for different purposes depending on the…

was isolated from a sponge. This culture confirmed predictions of chemoautotrophic ammonia oxidation by archaea from earlier genomic studies (Steger et al., 2008). This phylum is commonly associated with marine sponges. Marine sponges display nitrification, but the accumulation of ammonia as a metabolic waste negatively affects sponge health. AOA can metabolize these waste products, leading to a mutualistic relationship between AOA and marine sponges (Steger et al.,…

organic matter. When this organic matter dies and decomposes, the nitrogen becomes ammonium salts through the process called mineralization. The nitrogen found in organic matter goes from ammonia (NH3-) to ammonium salts (NH4+). * The process of nitrification converts ammonia (NH3) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The chemical formula is NH3 + 1.5 O2 --> NO2- + H+ + H20. Nitrogen Cycle Steps (part 2) * Denitrification is the process where nitrate leaks to the ocean or the soil and is then returned…

be more like eukaryotes as they have many types of polymerase, their genes and enzymes both behave similarly, there is no peptidoglycan in its cell walls, have histomes that order the DNA into nucleosomes, react to antibiotics similarly, have a nitrification process and both their protein synthesis use the same methionine amino acid function. It was thought that modern bacteria evolved from archaebacteria but new scientific methods of DNA molecular sequencing concludes that they are not that…

What exists is an assumption that the soil is defenseless and thus will absorb all the poisons thrown into it (p 57). In reality, lindane, heptachlor, and BHD (benzene hexachloride) have been shown to decrease nitrification in soil (p 57) while up to 15 pounds of DDT per acre have been found in potato fields and up to 19 in corn fields (p 58). DDT and other chemicals have been liberally applied without regard or realization that the chemicals can and will build up…

Introduction When Kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata, was first introduced to the United States no one suspected that the semi-woody vine would be capable of enveloping forests across the country. Today, the plant sprawls across an estimated 810,000 hectares of land from Eastern Texas to Florida all the way up to Kentucky. When it was originally planted, Kudzu was seen as a “miracle” plant, able to grow extremely quickly and stop erosion dead in its tracks. Given continuous encouragement by the…

The illustration above is a good summary for the people who have knowledge about Chemistry, Biology, and Geology. However, it is challenging to understand for people who do not have knowledge in the fields mentioned above. It is so important to give an interpretation so that those people can understand this report. Photosynthesis: This is the process by which plants create their own nutrient by using sunlight. Sunlight acts as the convertor to transform carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic…

Concentrated Animal Feedlot Operations and Their Risks Following Michael Pollan’s view in his book, The Omnivore’s Dilemma, he covers the realm of concentrated animal feedlot operations (COFAs) in his extensive spiel about the overarching concept of corn in our society. He discusses his purchased steer, number 534, as he accompanies its journey through the system. In the beginning 534 enjoyed his life on a green pasture with his mother for six months, until he became strong and bulky enough to…

regenerated N forms are then the main surface N source for phytoplankton production”(Life Science Weekly). Ammonium is produced during nitrogen fixation as the nitrogen is converted by prokaryote bacteria. Nitrites and nitrates are produced during nitrification when ammonium is converted in an oxygen rich environment. The ocean also absorbs nitrogen from the atmosphere. Nitrogen nutrients are also water-soluble which makes them a limiting factor as it dissolves quickly and therefore is not…