Apoptosis

found it has a size of about 53-kilodalton (kDa). The location of the TP53 gene is at chromosome 17, at position 13.1. [11]. TP53 has 393 amino acids. TP53 has many important functions in the body. These functions play a role in genomic stability, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. TP53 can be active and will respond to the exposure of toxic metals,…

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a small secreted adipokine that binds and transports small hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids and steroids. In addition, LCN2 limits bacterial growth by sequestering iron-containing siderophores. In mammalian liver, LCN2 protects against inflammation, infection, injury and other forms of cellular stress. Because previous work indicated that LCN2 is a key modulator of hepatic fat metabolism and homeostasis, we performed a comparative profiling of the proteins and…

INVIVO AND INVITRO STUDIES ON CHEMOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF RESVERATROL IN BREAST CANCER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 BREAST CANCER: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Diet and Nutrition play a key role in carcinogenesis process, as reflected in the global differences in breast cancer incidence worldwide. High fat content, meat and low fiber diets were associated with high breast cancer incidence rates whereas…

lens, pleiotropy factors makes up for it. Small retina Studies have shown that missing the ventral quadrant of the retina would not be significantly disadvantageous to the cavefish, but since the cavefish eye lens do degenerate and undergo eye apoptosis it is a disadvantage to the vertebrates. This was evidenced by the transplantation of the surface fish lens into a cavefish retina that produced a developed eye, but it is not known if the eye was actually functional. It is also noted that the…

(Redler and Dokholyan, 2012). This is due to the ability of wild-type SOD1 to become toxic due to oxidative stresses in the cell during glutamate excitotoxicity of motor neurons (Yin and Weiss, 2012). Glutamate excitotoxicity contributes to neuronal apoptosis. Normally, glutamate is released and activates ionotropic glutamate receptors, primarily AMPA, on the post-synaptic…

function properly. This means that the Aurora-A kinase will not be able to form the mitotic spindle and the Aurora-B kinase will be unable to separate the chromatids (Dar). As mentioned above, when the kinase does not work the cell must go into apoptosis or the G0 phase. This can be an effective cancer treatment because the mutated cells are unable to further reproduce and divide, causing the tumor to grow (Agnese). In past studies, this treatment has been successful in certain breast cancer…

Cardiac dysfunction is the most severe side effect of DOX therapy. Previous studies demonstrate that cardiomyocyte death through apoptosis, necrosis, and other forms is a primary contributor to the development of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy(Zhang et al.,2009) The anthracycline doxorubicin-induced myocyte apoptosis is mediated by oxy radical chemistry. and change in level of antioxidant in the heart tissues(increase in CAT ,SOD and decrease level of GSH). On the other hand, a significant…

RESEARCH STRATEGY (a) Significance. Yersinia pestis (Yp) is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of plague. Yp is a Category A agent defined by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) as a pathogen that is high risk to public health and national security. A long term goal of NIAID is to explore the host-pathogen interaction and host response to infection with Yp, and to identify and characterize immune responses after exposure to Yp (1).…

extracellular factors including TGF-β, PDGF and FGF [10]. With time the density of macrophages and fibroblasts is reduced by apoptosis triggered by unknown sources [20]. However, it has been suggested that apoptosis may be signalled by the withdrawal of cytokines as the wound heals, although many other theories exist including myofibroblast differentiation itself signalling apoptosis and the release of certain factors following re-epithelialisation [21]. With continued remodelling the outgrowth…

I believe that it is a shame that in 2008, 12.7 million people were diagnosed with cancer and an additional 7.6 million people die from this tragic disease. The World Health Organization states that in the year of 2030, this statistic will grow to 21.4 and 13.2 million respectively (Fanghua, 2010, p.297). But, what is cancer. Cancer is a disease caused by non-stop division of cells and it can happen almost anywhere in the human body. People who are stricken with this disease are people who are…