Acetic acid

formic acid and methanol. However, both the compounds are polar compounds which show almost same retention time on C18 column [40]. It was also verified from the experimental results that both species give peaks around the same time of 4-5 minutes, so to avoid the confusion and overlapping of peaks, a wavelength of 250nm was selected where Formic acid gives high absorption and gives sharp peaks while methanol does not give any peak at 250nm. Around 4-5 minutes there will be a peak of Formic acid…

that includes the synthesis of carbon-carbon bonds, however for this experiment the reaction that was utilized is aldol condensation. An aldol condensation is when an enolizable aldehyde or ketone undergoes a reaction, in the presence of a base or acid, and gives a beta unsaturated ketone or aldehyde (Utah Valley University, 2009). This type of reaction can also add carbonyls to a compound, using similar methods to the Grignard reaction. It is also important to note that in order for this…

The use of animal carcasses in make up Makeup is now trending more than ever, “currently there are a lot of different make up brands and products that ranges from high end to drug store”. (Oddee.net) Most make up comes with a list of ingredients on the wrapper or container, but do we really know what is in our make up? This document seeks to highlight the fact that major ingredients in some of the makeup products we use are indeed animal carcasses. This document serves to further…

less energy to form the borane intermediate, therefore 1-phenyl-2-propanol will form more readily than 1-phenyl-1-propanol using hydroboration and oxidation. If 1-phenylpropene was reacted with sulfuric acid, the major product would be 1-phenyl-1-propanol. In a hydration reaction in the presence of acid, a carbocation intermediate is formed and then attacked by a nucleophile. Since a carbocation intermediate is formed, the reaction will procedure in a manner to stabilize the positive charge.…

MYCOCEPT (Mycophenolate mofetil) is the 2-morholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA). CHEMICAL NAME: 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl (E)-6- (4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1H-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4 enoate. STRUCTURAL FORMULA: Fig: Mycophenolate mofetil MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 433.50g/mol APPEARANCE: Mycophenolate mofetil, is a white to off-white crystalline powder. SOLUBILITY: It is slightly…

5-trihydrophenyl)methylene]chroman-4-one showed maximum activity over commercially available antioxidant BHA,BHT etc.The derivative compound 7-hydroxy-3-[(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)methylene]chroman-4-one showed maximum inhibitory activity over the standard nordihydroguiaretic acid when evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activity against 5-lipoxygenase(5-LOX)…

CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Preparation of Bis-Thiourea Derivatives The mixture of heptanoyl chloride and ammonium thiocynate with 1,4-phenylene diamine appeared as homogeneous solution. White precipitate was formed immediately when the solution was filtered into the beaker containing ice cubes. Then, the precipitate was filtered again and rinsed by ethanol before being dried in the desiccator. The physical data of the synthesized bis-thiourea derivatives are shown in Table 4.1.…

3.3.3: Phytochemical analysis The leaves and bark extracts were tested for some secondary metabolites like-saponins, tannins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, phlobatannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugar and poly phenols. Test for reducing sugar: Mixture of 1ml or 1gm of plant sample is taken in a test tube and 10ml deionized water is added in it after this a few drops Fehling solution (1ml Fehling solution A and B) is also mixed and heated at 1000C in a water bath. The Brick red…

Effects of Surf excel and Nirma powder on glycogen (--mg/gm) content in Ovary of Mystusmontanus at various sublethal concentrations. Exposure Time Concentration of detergents –mg/litre. Surf excel Nirma powder Control 6.67mg/lit. 13.3mg/lit. 7.833mg/lit. 15.67mg/lit. 24hrs 6.5 ± 0.229129 6.3 * ± 0.15 6.15* ± 0.15 6.3* ± 0.15 6.2* ± 0.229129 48hrs 6.6 ± 0.15 6.15 * ± 0.15 5…

Caffeine is found in many products such as in pharmaceutical supplements, and beverages. Caffeine is mainly obtained from plant seeds or tea leaves. Extraction of caffeine is done to make decaffeinated coffee. There are three methods used to extract caffeine such as water extraction, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and extraction by organic solvents. For this lab, the method used to extract caffeine will be by organic solvents. The purpose of the procedure is see how caffeine is isolated…