Acetic acid

Pectin yield was determined as weight of dry pectin against the weight of initial residues multiplied by 100%. Y=100(P/Bi) Where Y is the extracted pectin yield (%), P is the amount of extracted pectin in grams and Bi is the initial amount of sweet potato residues used to extract pectin. Equivalent weight and Degree of methoxylation The equivalent weight was determined according to the method by Barretina et al., (Barretina et al. 2012). 0.25g pectin was wetted with 5ml ethanol and topped…

Wang et al. (2015) formulated a solid dispersion to improve the solubility and bioavailability of Ginkgo biloba extract (GE) through hot melt technology. The polymer studied were Kollidon® VA64/Kolliphor® RH40 (85:15) and the extrusion was carried out at 120-125⁰C with 100 RPM with 25% drug load. DSC and XRD studies confirmed the amorphous conversion of the GE and the dissolution carried in 250ml of 0.1N HCl showed that the dissolution of solid dispersion of GE was significantly improved (2-3…

Abstract: Fermentation of sucrose with brewer yeast catalyst was successfully conducted to yield ethanol with 70.2 % conversion of sucrose. Based on the graph of Refractive Index vs % ethanol (v/v), 32.8% of ethanol was determined to be in the distillate solution with corresponding Refractive Index of 1.3555 Statement and purpose The purpose of this experiment was to determine the % of ethanol (v/v) in the resulting solution and the % conversion of sucrose Introduction The fermentation 17.1 g…

a) Heckel equation In 1961, Heckel proposed the most widely used equation describing pharmaceutical powder behavior in compaction. It was initially used to study the densification of ceramics and its correlation with pressure. It a first order process where powder pores elimination rate is correlated to the number of pores present. The rate of volume reduction increases as the number of pores decrease. Heckel equation relates the density, pressure and the pore fraction of the powder [16],.…

CHAPTER 5 PROPERTIES OF MAHUA METHYL ESTER AND THEIR BLENDS WITH DIESEL 5.1 INTRODUCTION In this work, characteristic fuel properties of mixture of Mahua methyl ester and their blends with diesel in the proportions of 10:90, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 respectively were studied. The characteristics fuel properties of Mahua methyl ester blends were found to be those of diesel oil. 5.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS The Mahua oil methyl ester was prepared by using three stage transesterification…

7-(4-(3-(4-substituted benzylidineamino) phenyl imino)-5-fluoro-2- oxidoline-1 -yl)methyl)piprazine-1-yl-) 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo- 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3- carboxylic acid. schiff bases ligand and their metal complexes with Mn (II),Cu(II),Ni(II), have been synthesized by Pallavi et al, 2014 , and then evaluated for their antimicrobial activity.These compounds were potent and showed significant anti…

The SEM result was also in good agreement of XRD analysis. The average particle size of CuMnRC1, CuMnRC2 and CuMnRC3 catalyst was 0.675µm, 3.127µm and 7.435µm respectively. The particles of CuMnRC1 catalyst was least agglomerated, highly porous, high surface area and uniformly distributed. The choice of different precipitant in the CuMnOx catalysts leads to the change of the surface distribution of Cu, Mn and O elements, which might be related to the CO oxidation catalytic performance of the…

In this work we have prepared ceramic-polybenzoxazine composites based on poly(P-ddm) as matrix reinforced by 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% of GX-540 silane-treated nano-Cr2O3 filler via a solution blending method in THF. These nanocomposites are used as new organic coating materials. The effect Cr2O3 nanofillers inclusion on the viscoelastic properties of poly(P-ddm) is studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Figure 76 illustrates the change in the storage modulus at 50oC and…

The 1HNMR of chloro (pyridine) cobaloxime (III) showed all the characteristic peaks of the product. It had very few peaks and is very tidy. This shows that the molecule has high symmetry. The large singlet peak at 2.5ppm, corresponds to the 4 methyl groups that are connected to the double bond N of the dimethylglyoxime. It integrates to 12 H’s. These methyl groups are accounted for at a higher ppm that usual. This could be due to the fact they are doubly bonded to the electronegative Nitrogen…

for Hydrochloric acid Stock solution in 0.1N Hydrochloric acid (0.1N HCl): 10 mg of Amoxicillin was accurately weighed and transferred into 10 ml volumetric flask. It was dissolved and diluted to volume make up to mark with 0.1N HCl to give stock solution containing 1000 µg/ml, after than 1ml take to from 1000 µg/ml and dilute to volume make up to mark of 10ml volumetric flask with 0.1N HCl to give 100 µg/ml. Preparation of working standard solution in 0.1N Hydrochloric acid: Prepared 1…