Solubility equilibrium

Experimental Method: Extracting LDH. The LDH used was extracted from bovine skeletal muscle tissue. In the cold room, a mass of 20 grams of muscle tissue was obtained. It was placed in a blender along with ice cold buffer, 50 mM sodium phosphate and 10 mM EDTA at pH 7.5. The mixture was then blended and homogenized in order to break open the cells; during this time the temperature was checked periodically to make sure it stays below 20 C. This was done until the solution was homogeneous. The…

Standard solution is the solution that is been made by dissolving a precise mass of reactant meaning the starting substance in a chemical reaction, and it is important that the mass is weighed accurately into distinguish volume of water that will be used. This tells us that if the concentration of standard solution is accurate then it can also be used to work the concentration of a different solution that it can also react with. Its concentration is generally given in mol dm-3. Standard solution…

The purpose this experiment was to identify our unknown compound, either and aldehyde or ketone, based on a series of tests. This experiment was completed over two weeks in order to dry the crystals and determine the melting point. The unknown that we were assigned was 501 G. A series of tests were performed on this unknown compound in order to figure out the identity. A summary of the results of the tests is shown below. Distillation: Boiling Point: 179.0°C-194.0°C Qualitative Tests: 1.…

Introduction Extraction involves the separation of compounds in a mixture. This separation in based on the differences in each compound’s solubility. For the purpose of this lab, the liquid-liquid extraction technique was used. This method involves using two immiscible solvents, and because of each compounds solubility in each of those solvents, the mixed compounds can separate. Generally, this process includes water as one of the immiscible solvents, but for this lab, t-butyl methyl ether was…

Background: Solid-liquid extractions are common in everyday life and are important in a chemistry laboratory because they involve the separation of an individual compound from mixtures. Using solid-liquid extraction, which separates compounds based on solubility. Trimyristin was isolated from nutmeg using diethyl ether because trimyristin is a nonpolar compound that readily dissolves in diethyl ether, which has a low polarity. To concentrate the solution containing trimyristin distillation was…

The motivation behind this experiment was to gain insight behind the theory and practice of two laboratory techniques: solubility-dependent extraction, and recrystallization, in an effort to isolate and identify three compounds originally dissolved in a mixture. Extraction is used to isolate a specific compound. Recrystallization involves taking a crude compound and removing unwanted impurities so that a more accurate melting point can be taken, leading to a more precise identification of a…

is the process by which unwanted products or impurities are selectively removed from the desired product. In liquid-liquid extraction, unknown B was dissolved sequentially into two immiscible liquids via a separatory funnel. The differences in solubility of the liquid solvents was important because it allowed 1,4-dimethoxybenzene and neutral benzoic acid to eventually separate or extract…

The route of exposure, based on Thomas Fuller (2015), will affect how the chemical’s composition will take effect in the body. Three routes of exposure include: inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion. The chemical’s compounds, depending on its solubility and size, will affect the time it takes effect in the…

conductivity, turbidity, suspended solids were measured in the lab. Temperature influences rate of biochemical rate of reaction in the water reserves. As for every 10oC rise in temperature the rate becomes double. Increase in temperature decreases the solubility of gases in water. It also increases the respiration of organisms present in the water and increases the rate of decomposition of organic matter. The temperature of the surface water varies between, while for ground water it varies as …

Purpose The purpose of this lab was to separate unknown compound 204, composed of an amine, a carboxylic acid, and a neutral component, into each of its three respective states. The unknown compound was separated using microscale separation of acidic, basic, and neutral components by liquid/liquid extraction. Liquid/liquid extraction is a very common method often used in work-ups and allows for isolation of neutral components using acid/base chemistry; this method is extremely helpful in…