Sodium compounds

The sodium-potassium pumps is a plasma membrane transport protein and serve to push an ion into a cell against its concentration gradient. This type of action is known as active transport because it needs the energy to be able to move the ions against their concentration gradient. Generally, the solutes being pushed in or out of a cell will go from a low concentration gradient to a high concentration gradient. The sodium-potassium pump is crucial to kidney function, nerve signaling, and heart…

threshold. In order to reach this threshold, a cell must depolarize. Typically, cells depolarize with the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels. During the rising phase of the action potential, these channels allow positive sodium ions to flow into the cell in what is called the depolarization phase. The flow of these ions into the cell is often referred to as the sodium current. Once the cell is depolarized, voltage-gated potassium channels are signaled to open, allowing potassium to flow…

Soap and Detergent Soap and Detergent are the cornerstones of human cleanliness. Soap is, “a substance used with water for washing and cleaning, made of a compound of natural oils or fats with sodium hydroxide or another strong alkali, and typically having perfume and coloring added”( Soap 2018 ). Detergent is, “ a water-soluble cleansing agent that combines with impurities and dirt to make them more soluble and differs from soap in not forming a scum with the salts in hard water” ( Detergent…

because the crater would have been on Earth by then. It is also believed that inside these freshwater crater basins, they would contain low salinity levels, a neutral pH level, variable redox states of iron and sulfur, low salinity, high potassium/sodium ratio, and the correct composition of modern day cells. However, this theory is inept at explaining the short geologic time gap between the formation of the first oceans and the emergence of life. This does not mean the theory is incorrect…

Identification of an Unknown Compound to Determine Proper Waste Procedures Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823 October 13, 2015 For completion of CEM 161 Section 009, under supervision of Abstract: In order to determine the identity of the compound we performed many experiments with a solution of the compound. These experiments included testing for all of the following ions; ammonium, halide, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, and acetate…

It is no secret that we are on the verge of making both technological and biological progress. Imagine a scenario in which you were fighting for your country or perhaps your family and unfortunately you lost your arm, your leg, or even part of your face. Today, we see these losses as needing a prosthetic, which is a device that is made from plastic or metal that takes the place of the body part that was lost in order for you to maintain a proper functionality within society. I think a better…

Teaching in honey bees Teaching is widespread throughout the human’s species, however for other organisms, while social learning is commonly found, it is not currently clear how common teaching behaviours are within other organisms. Furthermore, the research that has been conducted tends to surround animals, for instance, Meerkats as they learn to defend themselves against scorpions (Thornton & McAuliffe, 2006) or the ability for New Caledonian Crows to learn to shape hooks to use as tools…

1.0 PURPOSE: To implement a process that will ensure that non-conforming batches will go through the correct process and procedure for correction/adjustment and that all documentation and subsequent batch releases are issued to the work order for filling. This procedure will also eliminate accretion of previous blends in the liquid compounding area. 2.0 SCOPE: This procedure applies to the Liquid Compounding, Pre-weigh area and Lab. 3.0 RESPONSIBILITY: It is the responsibility of the…

pastries to add a splash of color into it. It is extensively used for a variety of different products. But, if it is consumed, it can cause allergic reactions and countless of other negative effects. Tartrazine is as Azo Dye, which is a chemical compound where two hydrocarbon groups are joined by two nitrogen atoms. It is found in food coloring, which is often…

structure of an unidentified compound that was discovered in a local landfill. The group was called in to help determine the chemical and physical properties of the compound so we can let the people of the town know so it can be taken care of properly with or without further precautions to be taken. Another goal of this project was to devise the synthesis of the unknown compound. Experimental Design In order to determine the correct identity of our unknown compound, we first started with a…