Sodium compounds

Introduction: DNP and research question The organic compound 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) is a crystalline solid with the molecular formula C6H4N2O5. The molecule is soluble in water to some extent and is fully soluble in sodium and potassium hydroxide solutions. The compound can also be explosive. It is usually used in dye, weed killers, wood preserver, photographic development among other things and it has even been used as a weight loss agent. In fact, it has been claimed to be the king of the…

The first mixture of sodium chloride and water is homogenous the salt equally spreads out when added to the water. After adding sand, the second mixture becomes heterogeneous, the sand sinks to the bottom of the beaker and does not mix among the salt and water. b. The mixture…

identifying reducing sugars, which are simple sugars that include monosaccharides and some disaccharides. The Benedict’s reagent is made of Copper (II) sulfate ion which reduces to Copper (I) during the test. It is made by adding copper sulfate with sodium citrate and carbonate that is dissolved in 400mLs of water (Benedict’s Test). The chemical reaction within this test is…

Oxyanions are anions which contain oxygen. Part 5. Determination of % of Fe (II) in a salt redox titration. A titration is a quantitative analysis. From a titration the concentration of a given sample, in this case Fe(II) can be found by using a standard compound of whose concentration is known, in this example: 0.02M of KMnO4. A redox titration involves an oxidation-reduction reaction, hence the name redox. Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons, i.e. the loss and gain of electrons.…

hChemical kinetics deals with the rates of chemical processes. Any chemical process is considered to consist of number of one or more single-step step which are known as elementary reactions elementary processes or elementary steps. Elementary reactions may involve dissociation or isomerisation of a single reactant molecule, which is referred as unimolecular step. Also there may be a single collision between two molecules, which is referred as a bimolecular step. It should be noted that…

it will be obviously observed that there will be some differences in the rate and in the time because of changing the amount of reactant. 0.1 M KJ,0.5 M H_2SO_4,0.01 M Na2 S2O3 , H2O2, starch and water were used to carry out the experiment. These compounds were filled to the four…

Research Question How does the change in hydrochloric acid concentration affect the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3(aq)) and hydrochloric acid (HCL(aq))? Background to the Research question Collision Theory Back in 1916, scientists William Lewis and Max Trautz proposed the collision theory, which qualitatively explains how chemical reactions take place and why reaction rates change for various reactions. Chemical reactions involve collisions amongst reactant particles or…

Discussion The results of this experiment for the hypotonic treatment group did support the tested hypothesis that urine production rate should increase, while salt concentration and specific gravity of urine should decrease for this group. For the isotonic treatment group, the tested hypothesis was supported in that the specific gravity and salt concentration went up slightly, but was not supported in that the the urine production rate did not greatly increase over time. The findings for the…

Gallium is one of those elements that is used in industry every day. Gallium was discovered in Paris at the private laboratory of Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1831-1912) at 3 a.m. on August, 1875. He observed a new violet line in the atomic spectrum of some zinc he had extracted from a sample of zinc blende ore (ZnS) from the Pyrenees. He knew it meant that an unknown element was present. Gallium comes from Gallia, the Latin name for France. Gallium also has origins in the Latin word Gallus.…

To start this laboratory experiment, we first collected all the materials necessary including multiple beakers, samples of each solution, metal strips, a salt bridge, alligator clips, and an abrasive sponge. Then 10 mL of CuSO4(aq) and 10 mL of ZnSO4(aq) were placed into separate 250 mL beakers. A copper strip was then placed in the beaker containing CuSO4(aq) and a zinc strip was placed into the beaker with ZnSO4(aq). The two beakers were connected by a salt bridge that consisted of a string…