Electronegativity

Electronegativity is based upon the atoms strength within the element to attract electrons to form bonds. Now atoms like to fulfil the octet rule of having a perfect 8 outer shell causing it to be stable. Now unfortunately not all elements have a full outer shell now elements on the left side of the periodic table contain less than half of electrons the required energy to gain electrons is much higher than comparison to trying the energy to lose an electron. So the elements on the left side when they form bonds they actually lose electrons. Now on the right side of the periodic table are much more efficient in energy to gain electrons to form a complete outer shell. When we move across the periodic table from left to right the electronegativity…

room temperature. After letting the test tube cool and no more crystals were forming, the ethanol was removed into a waste beaker. ii. Detection of decomposition Approximately 3 mL of distilled water was placed within test tube three to dissolve the crystals. The solution was then transferred into a cuvette used within a UV-Vis spectrometer. After 20 minutes another spectrum was taken giving a second graph. After another 20 minutes, another spectrum was taken giving the third graph. Cleaning the…

Introduction Fluorine is the 9th element on the periodic table. It is a light yellow gas and is most commonly known for helping your teeth. I choiced this element because it has the highest electronegativity. But what other traits does fluorine have? Read my ABC book and find out. A is for… Atomic number The atomic number of fluorine is 9. The most common isotope of fluorine is 19F and 18F. Fluorine is more stable in when it has 10 neutrons. Fluorine is a halogen and is placed on…

Made). The paintballs or markers are cooled in a cool room. This get the warm moist paintball cooled for hardening purposes. When not hardened correctly, many problems can occur and can cause injury to the players. All paintballs work with different pump guns and air pumps. The markers are manufactured the same way. Paintballs are soluble with polarity and hydrogen bonding.The text states “Water is a polar substance that has distinct regions of positive and negative charge. Water’s polarity is…

Contrary to the title, the discovery of astatine was anything but a momentary process. Many scientists discovered different astatine isotopes, atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons, but were unable to either reproduce their results or keep the isotope in existence for any useful amount of time. After decades of possible discovery and rediscovery, astatine was officially included in the periodic table of elements with the abbreviation At and an atomic number of…

Sam Kean, a Washington D.C. writer with works in The New York Times Magazine, Mental Floss, Slate, The Believer, Air & Space, Science, and The New Scientist, has created a user-friendly book about how to explain the periodic table and the elements that occupy it by writing the book The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love and the History of the World From the Periodic Table of Elements. He provides an insight into the world of chemistry that relates to his audience, even…

This semester, I’m in a course entitled Principles of Chemistry I. Currently, I need to learn and store trends of the periodic table. One particularly hard area is electron affinity and ionization energy trends. Electron affinity is how willing an element is to gain an electron, and ionization energy is how willing the element is to lose an electron. Remembering which direction each of those two trends go on the periodic table has been difficult for me. I’m trying to store this information in my…

The Chemistry of H2O. Principles of the Octet Rule, Electronegativity, Polarity, Density, and their effect on H2O Aryeh L. Strauss Suny Rockland Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge (neutrons are neutral). The protons are in the nucleus of the atom and the electrons fill shells surrounding the nucleus. The shells closest to the nucleus have the lowest energy level and the shells furthest away have the…

such as calcium or iron. All three elements are stored within oil, with Sodium as an exception being stored in kerosene, as an attempt to prevent oxidation as metals in group 1 appear to oxidise in the open air quite rapidly. As previously mentioned both metals readily react with oxygen, producing a dull metallic element, or crystallised substance like Sodium and Potassium. The reason for these elements reacting so rapidly to the oxygen residing in the open air is most likely related to their…

Compounds are a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are bonded together. Two types of chemical bonds in compounds are covalent bonds and Ionic bonds. A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms. They bond between two nonmetals or between two atoms with the same element. Two atoms with the same or similar electronegativity will not exchange an electron from their outermost shell, instead they share electrons in order to satisfy the octet rule. The octet…