Electronegativity

The major factor that allows calcium channel blockers to be effective are ethyl groups at the 3 and 5 position, and cyclic substituents on the 4 position. Furthermore, it was found that electronegativity has no effect on blocking ability; as a result, electron donating and withdrawing groups placed on cyclic substituents don't have an effect. However, certain functional groups including bulky groups push substituents to want a position perpendicular…

Ice cream is defined as a sweetened frozen food which is composed of dairy products like milk, cream and infused with sugar, stabilizers, emulsifiers, flavorings, water and air. Ice cream varies all over the world this is because the mixture of the ingredients is different from one another. But a good ice cream is composed of: 12% milk fat, 14% milk solid non-fat, 15% sugar, 0.2% stabilizer, 6.2% emulsifier, 55-64% water which is still exclusive of air. Since, ice cream is a whipped product; it…

This experiment was performed in order to prepare the Grignard reagent from aryl or alkyl halides and demonstrate the principles of organometallic chemistry. The Grignard reagent was prepared via a radical mechanism. The Grignard reagent was then used to prepare a carboxylic acid from carbon dioxide, demonstrating its ability to create carbon-carbon bonds by acting as a strong nucleophile. As the R group of the Grignard reagent was unknown, molecular weight and melting point were then used to…

is because of the oxygen being slightly negative (δ-) meaning it has a greater electronegativity than…

gel, a very polar substance due to the large amount of hydroxyl groups present on the surface, more polar components should travel less on the gel. Polarity creates a slight negative atom and a slight positive atom due to the differences in electronegativity. This may cause a more polar component to have a…

Demitri Mendeleeve was a Russian chemist who invented the first periodic table in 1869. The periodic table he made was very different from the modern day periodic table we know today. Henry Moseley updated Mendeleev's version of the periodic table in 1915. This is more like the periodic table that we know and use today. The only difference is that there has been many more elements added. Mendeleeve also had predicted a lot of the characteristics and properties of elements that would fill up…

Interactive Question 7.2 Cite some experimental evidence that indicates that membrane proteins drift. A good form of experimental evidence is Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching, aka FRAP. In the FRAP process, membrane proteins are labelled with a green fluorescent protein, and part of the plasma membrane is “bleached” with a laser, causing them to lose their fluorescence. The part that was bleached will eventually become fluorescent again, as molecules drift in by diffusion. How might…

Chemistry Honors Mrs. Moreno Period 5 INTERPRETING THE PERIODIC TABLE Partner’s name: Faranak Hajikhan, Pablo Moncada, Albina Contreras and Karla Santos Title: Interpreting the Periodic Table Date: 12-18-14 Subject: Honors Chemistry / Period 5 Introduction: The periodic table is a table of the chemical elements in which the elements are arranged by order of a atomic number. The periodic table also has a special name for its vertical columns. Each…

that homeschooled students lack social skills which does not allow them to function in the real world, which is highly untrue. Students who are homeschooled will not learn the when to use cos and tan on their calculator, or how to calculate the electronegativity of an atom but will learn about topics that will benefit their future. Homeschooled students have the opportunity to learn how to do household activities they will need to know how to do when they depart for college such as cooking,…

At the beginning of the 1900s chlorine started to be used as a disinfectant in water. Water had to be chlorinated because of waterborne pathogens which would then go and cause deadly diseases which flourished in our pipes and water ways and infected millions of people. But ever since the disinfection of water the most of these diseases have been eliminated in first world countries but is still a big problem in 3rd world problems. (Calomiris, 1998) Chlorine is the most used disinfectant around…