Genome

of A. flavithermus AK1, includinga detailed description of its complete genome sequence. A total of 50 contigs were used to produce a genome sequence of 2,630,664bp that includes 2,724 protein-coding genes and 75 RNA genes, 18 of which are rRNA genes. A comparison of this genome sequence withthose of Anoxybacillus flavithermus strains that were previously submitted to NCBI revealed that the AK1 strain has the smallest genome size…

How does the human genome sequence and more specifically the individual genes affect our response to medicine? Before this question can be answered you must know understand what the genome and the gene is exactly and what it does. A gene is the basic physical and fundamental unit of heredity, made up of deoxyribonucleic acid that carries a certain set of genetic instructions. The human genome is estimated to have up to 25,000 genes, varying in size with some carrying a few hundred DNA bases,…

in the United Kingdom, Japan, France, China, and Germany to achieve this goal. The Human Genome Project officially started in 1990 and was completed in 2003. During that time, scientists worked on deciphering the human genome by creating maps that showed the locations of specific genes. Scientists also determined the order of all the bases, A, C, G, T, in the DNA of the human genome. Since the Human Genome Project was completed, scientists and researchers have been able to further their…

CRISPR is a technique that made genomic editing significantly easier. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISPR-associated protein) is a RNA-guided nuclease for precise genome editing in diverse organisms. In 1987, when scientists were studying the bacteria's immune system, they discovered a pattern of short, repeating, palindromic DNA sequences separated by short, non-repeating, "spacer" DNA sequences (Figure 1). How CRISPR/Cas works in bacteria: As…

traits, gender, and abilities of their child. This kind of research is currently underway and is known as the Human Genome Project. The goal of the Human Genome Project is to understand each individual gene in the human body that makes a person unique and, in time, be able to allow parents to choose if their child is a boy or girl, if it has blue or brown eyes, etc. (The Human Genome Project). Is it right to be able to choose something that will decide the fate of someone besides yourself?…

Virus Taxonomy Order: Unassigned Family: Bunyaviridae Genus: Phlebovirus Species: Toscana virus talk.ictvonline.org Structure and genome The toscana virus (TOSV) is a negative-single stranded RNA virus, it is spherical in shape, it has an enveloped surrounding its capsid, and it has a diameter of 80–120 nm. Its genome is partitioned into three segments, termed (large)L, (medium)M and (small)S. With L about 6,400 nucleotides in length, M about 4,200 nucleotides in…

Genetic editing is a process where DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleus’s, or molecular scissors. Gene editing can be used to treat diseases and to modify aspects of an organism , but there are some disadvantages to genetic editing. There is also some question to the danger and ethicalness of genetic editing done to embryos. Genetic editing in the past has cured diseases like severe combined immune deficiency , leukemia and leber's…

modified to edit genomes. By delivering the Cas9 with a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) into a cell, the cell's genome can be cut at a desired location, allowing existing genes to be removed and/or new ones added. CRISPR-cas9 is like a tiny pair of scissors that scientists can control. Once the strand of DNA is split the cell recognizes that there is something wrong and it goes in to fix it. Scientists can use the DNA repair machinery to introduce changes to one or more genes in the genome of a cell…

A knockout mouse is a mouse that has a certain targeted gene in its genome replaced with a gene which codes either for an inactive form of the desired knockout gene, or with another gene that codes for a product completely unrelated to the original genes product. These mice are then used to test various hypothesizes that…

chromosome, multigene region and a pair of genes or a small region upstream of a gene (Lichten and Goldman 1995). The correlation between genetic distance and physical distance called recombination rate, it was varied within different species and genome regions, while the recombination rate enhances the gene mapping resolution and help introduce…