Cell cycle

Mitochondrion is an organelle that exists within the cytoplasm of eukaryote cells, they are considered to be one of the most important organelles. Mitochondrion is usually oval in shape and can vary in size from 0.5 - 1µm. Mitochondrion is composed of a double membrane, the outer membrane is smooth and encompasses the organelle whereas the inner membrane is folded to form layered structures called cristae. In between the outer and inner membrane, is an area called the…

dedifferentiation. (Satoh et al 2010). The blastema is formed from progenitor cells in the uninjured limb by re-expressing embryonic genes. The origin of these blastema cells are controversial, as many have a hypothesis of where are originally derived. (Whited & Tabin 2009). For instance, Aguilar et al (2015) suggests that the formation of the blastema is dependent on nerve signaling that recruits undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that interact with wound epithelium that induce keratinocytes…

Scientists are using stem cells to mess with the embryos they come from and diseases common all around the world. This topic is so popular people feel that “a fixation on it alone has come at the cost of many other important issues being overlooked or, at the very least, under-examined” (Lysaght, Tamra, and Alastair V. Campbell 251). Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can be transformed into any type of cell (Rebecca). Scientists take these cells to make new cells, tissues, and organs to…

INTRODUCTION Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common inherited neurological disorder, affecting 1 in every 2500 people.1 The disease attacks the peripheral nervous system, progressively reducing nerve conduction speed in the body’s extremities resulting in gradual muscle weakness, sensory loss, and muscle atrophy.2 Affected individuals in the initial stages of the disease suffer from feet and hand deformities that limit function and sensation. Moreover, in advanced cases patients…

key for the development and survival of a fetus/embryo. 2. Leydig cells • Leydig cells form and secrete testosterone. The testosterone is secreted in response to the lutenising hormone. Spermatozoa production is promoted by the testosterone secreted. The testosterone being secreted by the Leydig cells are important for the formation of secondary characteristics of the male. 3. The different pancreatic cells • One of the pancreatic cells is the exocrine gland. The exocrine gland secretes out…

old age has been theorized to target developmental genes, including those associated with disease risk factors and cancer itself. Hypomethylation has also been observed in the genomes of cancer cells, with the only instances of hypermethylation occurring in genes controlling tumor cell invasion and cell cycle control. Based on current research, it would…

as hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond, van der Waals interactions etc. Protein-protein interaction plays an important role in functioning of body’s significant mechanism such as replication, transcription, translation, signal transduction, cell cycle, etc. Thus, proteins clusters together in a network map linking together various amino acids by peptide bond forming a three-dimensional structure. The entire map showing events of protein interactions that can occur in a living organism is…

antibodies, different kinds of reporter genes for labeling and the use of laser microbeams to ablate individual cells are examples of such tools. Caenorhabditis elegans, is a free-living, non-parasitic soil nematode that can be safely uded in the laboratory and is common around the world.What is unique to this organism is that wild-type individuals contain a constant 959 cells. The position of cells is constant as is the…

Transduction is the process of how foreign DNA is transferred into a gene cell. An example is the viral transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another. After the gene cell's are multiplied the viruses assemble and remove a portion of the host cell's bacterial DNA. Transduction is one of the most common tool used by molecular biologist to introduce a foreign gene into a new host cell's genome. "Specialized Transduction".thefreedictionary.com N.p., 2017. Web. 12 May 2017. While the new tool,…

about being on an organ transplant waiting list for decades, waiting for their inevitable death. Human cloning has allowed us to grow organs, by using skin cells and converting them to stem cells. The nucleus of these stem cells of skin are then replaced into the nucleus and create what is known as a blastocyst, a bundle of hundreds of cells whose purpose is to specialize growing a specific body part, such as an ear. (Knapton). Not only can this help people who are in life-threatening…