Sodium citrate

The developed method consisting the mobile phase 3g of Docusate Sodium was dissolved in 580 ml of Methanol, sonicated to dissolve to this 420 mL of milli Q water was added and pH was adjusted at 3.0 with perchloric acid with isocratic programming, XTerra RP 18 column (250mm×4.6mm, 5μm) column as stationary phase with…

Experiment 1: Standardisation of approximately 0.25 M Hydrochloric Acid Abstract The aim of the study was to standardise a solution of hydrochloric acid with an approximate concentration of 2.5 M against sodium carbonate solution. The main steps of this experiment were preparing the sodium carbonate solution, transferring the solution into a conical flask by using a pipette, adding the bromophenol blue indicator and titrating with hydrochloric acid until the first green colour appeared. The…

Student number: s3333523 Email-address: lidiapalha@gmail.com Name of demonstrator: H.Helbert Reaction Equation Summary Salicylamide and sodium iodide are dissolved in ethanol, and stirred and cooled to 0. After that household bleach was added while stirring vigorously, solution changed from colorless to pale yellow. Sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid were added aswell. Product collected by vacuum filtration and recrystallized from 96% ethanol. IR- and H-…

The GCMS analysis showed the metabolites could be definitely identified as concern compound by comparisons with known authentic compound. The m+ ion is found at m/z94 for phenol. The molecular weight of the phenol is 94. The base peak value of phenol was observed as 94 and mass peak values were recorded as 66, 39, and 55. The m+ ion for acetophenone is m/z 120. The molecular weight of the compound was observed as 120, the base peak and mass peak values were recorded as 105 and 91, 77, 51, 39,…

Discussion Graph 1 displays the reaction time (in minutes) of how long it took for the Alka-Seltzer tablet to completely dissolve per trial. Graph 2 displays the averages of the reaction time which showed the higher the water temperature is, the faster the reaction time would be. At 65⁰C the average time for the Alka-Seltzer to completely dissolve was 1 minute 4 seconds followed by 1 minute 20 seconds at 35⁰C and ending with the highest average at 2 minutes 1 second (1.61). The hypothesis…

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, limiting equivalent conductance (Λ0), ion association, activation energy and thermodynamic functions. Introduction: The measurement of electrical conductivities of dilute solutions of salts or complexes is considered to be one of the important methods for studying the ion-pair or multiple- ion association not only in aqueous solutions but also in non-aqueous or mixed ones 1-4. Also, conductivity measurements were used to evaluate the hydration free energy of some…

the percentage by weight of a specific fatty acid. The Acid value is defined as the mg of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize the free acids present in 1 g of oil. In this experiment, the researchers used chemicals and reagents such as ethanol, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Phenolphthalein Indicator. Laboratory Apparatuses and Equipment such as 250ml beakers, Buchner funnel, 10ml buret, 250ml Erlenmeyer flasks, coconut oil sample, filter paper, 100ml graduated cylinder, volumetric pipette,…

ethanoate ion and 2-hydroxybenzoate ions by the alkaline juices in the intestines. Aspirin is a monoprotic acid (Monoprotic acids are acids that can donate one proton per molecule during the process of ionization). Therefore, aspirin can react with NaOH (sodium…

In this case methyl orange can be used as the indicator, pH arc being 3,1...4,4, or methyl red, pH arc being 4,4...6,2. If the pH value is bigger than the arc then the indicators will give a yellow colour to the solution, if smaller then a red colour. Total hardness is the sum of amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and is determined via complex-titration. Here is the stoichiometric point found by using different complex ions with different colours. The solution is titrated with…

molarity of both the bases and the acid was 2.0 M and equal volumes (10.0 mL) were used for each, mixing them caused a neutralization reaction where the sultion was neither acidic or basic. However, the most interesting trend was the fact that when sodium displaced hydrogen, there was a release of energy (heat) from breaking their respective bonds, and was absorbed by the water. In a similar manner, the products of reactinf KOH and were a salt (KCl) and water (H2O), in which energy (heat) is…