Ribosomal RNA

Support the Endosymbiotic Theory Gianna Melendez Chamberlain College of Nursing Support the Endosymbiotic Theory The endosymbiotic theory proposes that eukaryotes formed from the union of small aerobic prokaryotes with larger anaerobic prokaryotes, which form organelles. The smaller prokaryotes were not destroyed by the larger cells, but instead became internal parasites that remained surrounded by a vesicular membrane of the host. The theory proposed that mitochondria are the…

Microtubules, which are made of protein subunits called tubulin, are the thickest of all three cytoskeletal filaments. Microtubules are mainly serving as the paths along which vesicles are guided in their travels to various destinations, and are responsible for associating with motor proteins attached to the vesicles. Microtubules can also expand or shrink in length in order to establish dynamic structures that can efficiently change the internal organization of the cell, and capture organelles…

The influenza virus was infecting its hosts long before the discovery of viruses in the late 1800’s. The longevity of the virus can be attributed to its ability to quickly mutate its genome, which consists of only eight negative-sense RNA segments. These small mutations allow the virus to rapidly evolve. In fact, approximately every twenty to thirty years the virus evolves into a “super virus” capable of causing significant pandemics (Webster, 2014). The influenza A virus is the envelope virus…

it follows that the cell would require more protein to be able to function and to produce new daughter cells. C-myc has been shown to regulate genes that encode ribosomal RNAs and proteins that help to synthesize and piece together the ribosomes that function in protein synthesis (van Riggelen et al., 2010). Among these proteins are RNA polymerases I and III, which function in forming the substrate for these ribosomes, mRNA. While the overexpression of c-myc probably leads to a large cell size,…

P5 List of all cell features and functions: • Nucleus • Cytoplasm • Cell membrane • Mitochondria • Ribosomes • Cell wall (Plant Cell) • Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth & rough) • Lysosome • Golgi Apparatus/body • Nucleolus • Vesicles A nucleus is like the brain of the cell, it is a large oval which controls the activities of the cell and the nucleus also contains genetic material (DNA). The nucleus also contains hereditary information. Most chemical processes and reactions, which are…

Which in turn is converted to pyruvic acid and enters the mitochondria, Oxidative phosphorylation occurs converting it to a huge amount of ATP. It is a double stranded circular molecule. It encodes the 13 essential peptides, 2 ribosomal RNAs and 22 transfer RNAs needed for oxidative phosphorylation (Shina et al). There are numerous studies based around the concept of variation in mtDNA and endurance athletes. Mitochondria is involved in generating energy (ATP) for immediate use. Its oxidative…

1. Introduction Lernaea infection is a major disease problem encountered in carp culture in the Indian subcontinent and has been reported from Indian major carps Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) , exotic carps silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and indigenous carps Labeo fimbriatus (Nandeesha et al., 1984, 1985; Tamuli and Shanbhouge, 1996; Zafar et al., 2001). The three Indian Major Carps viz., Catla, Rohu and…

Introduction: Bacteria create an enormous domain of prokaryote microorganisms that are diverse and abundant in most habitats on Earth. In fact, bacterial cells drastically outnumber somatic cells just on the external part of the human body compared to somatic cells within the whole body of a single individual. Bacteria are found just about anywhere on earth and are usually alongside other microorganisms including: mold spores or yeast cells, creating some difficulty when trying to distinguish…

Running Head: BABIES WITH THREE GENETIC PARENTS: GOOD IDEA OR NO?Babies with Three Genetic Parents: Good Idea or No?Janadiah ErleDaymar University Page 1BABIES WITH THREE GENETIC PARENTS: GOOD IDEA OR NO?Mitochondrial diseases are causing women to seek an alternative method to conception. This paper will discuss mitochondria, mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial donation and techniques, and the pros and cons of these techniques. Mitochondria are the parts of cells that turn sugars, fats, and…

ESKAPE pathogens are six organisms that bring a huge threat to human, because they are drug-resistance. Scientists have not found antibiotics that are effective since the pathogens are multi-drug resistance. Multi-drug resistance is top three on global public health that are mostly caused by nosocomial infections (hospital-acquired infection caused by bacteria, fungal and viral, parasites and other pathogens). The six pathogens are Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella…