Ribosomal RNA

Theory, RNA World, etc.). Life chemically first arose from inorganic matter due to the environment created by hydrothermal vents, the production of RNA, and clay hydrogels. Primarily, the environment created by hydrothermal vents could have led to…

about because RNA was formed. This occurred because organic molecules on Earth were able to form ribonucleotides from the assistance of a clay catalyst. Eventually, these ribonucleotides formed RNA, which, through time, began to fold and replicate itself. As replication got faster, RNA's started to attract amino acids and hold them together. Bonds started forming, and proteins were able to be produced. As more years passed, a lipid membrane enclosed the structure to protect the RNA and proteins,…

While this may be the case, the antibody (IgM) cross- reactivity with other flaviviruses can be a problem when trying to come up with a precise diagnosis that is specific to Zika virus. In most cases, many tests often confirm the presence of the virus RNA in the blood of the patient or any other body fluids such as semen, saliva, or…

level shows as transcript per million (TPM) and the highest isoforms expressed in brain (blue) is ENST00000453943, heart (orange) is ENST00000312726 and liver (green) is ENST00000391865. The sashimi plot shows the quantitative visualisation of the RNA-seq read alignment of brain, heart and liver together with the gene expression shows in FPKM value (Figure 4.12C). The junctions show by the arcs that align from one exon to another exon. The visualisation of read alignment with the gene model on…

It is well known that all organisms require at least some water to survive, even the most hardy creature on the planet earth, the tardigrade, Hypsibius dujardini, which can survive near complete dehydration, exposure to extreme radiation, vacuum, temperature and pressure, must be rejuvenated with water if it is to resume life after near complete desiccation (Gabriel, et al. 2007). H. dujardini, famous for surviving some of the harshest conditions of any organism we know of, is a perfect example…

Figure 5: Semi-quantitative PCR analysis of CHOP splicing variants in plasmids and liver tissues, and CHOP exon arrangements. (A) CHOP1 mRNA contains four exons, whereas CHOP2 mRNA lacks the second exon of CHOP1. The 5 '-leader of CHOP is encoded within the first and second exons, while the coding sequence is encoded within the third and fourth exons of CHOP. (B) As expected, CHOP1 primers amplified CHOP1 transcripts at the size of 214 bp in the CHOP1 plasmid template containing the full…

The fifth chapter of Interplay centers itself around the principle of language, and how it so greatly effects interpersonal communication. One of the concepts that stuck out to me from this chapter was the nature of language, and how language is rule-governed. There are both phonological rules and syntactical rules, which respectively mean “how sounds are combined to form words” and “the way symbols can be arranged,” which are simply how the language is organized and interpreted to their…

because all of the others would still be able to code for it correctly. 2) Why is it postulated that the initial genetic code was doublets rather than triplets? Do you find the evidence convincing? Why or why not? 3) Why is it hypothesized that RNA evolved prior to DNA? Are you convinced?…

It’s interior was revealed by a transmission electron microscope. The fibrillar component is divided into two different sections. The dense fibrillar component and the fibrillar center. In the granular component, there is ribosomal subunits that are waiting to be transported to the cytoplasm. There is a continuous chain in the middle of the nucleoplasm and the interior parts of the nucleolus which takes place through an arrangement of nucleolar passages. The passages allow…

The article, “Does the Ribosome Challenge our Understanding of the RNA World?,” by Anthony Poole was published in the Journal of Molecular Evolution. RNA world hypothesis is a model framework explaining the origin of life on earth like genetically translated proteins and deoxynucleic acid from the point of view of ribonucleic acid based hypothetical systems. It suggests that ribonucleic acid existed before the deoxynucleic acid molecule. Chemical and Darwin’s evolutionary theories attempt to…