Receptor antagonist

cortex, specifically in the prefrontal cortex (pFC), during short term infusions of CORT. These findings were further verified by prior research which showed that a blockade of dopamine receptors (predominately DR2) in the frontal cortex, by dopamine antagonist Haloperidol, resulted in the down regulation of DR2 receptor expression in the frontal cortex (Ossowska et al., 2001). Similarly, work by Rasheed (2010) also showed that long periods of induced restraint stress caused a decrease in…

Neuropathic pain whether based on an injury or a result of a form of dysfunction from the nervous system is still a condition which better treatment options are still being researched. Neuropathic pain can even be divided further into peripheral and central neuropathic pain. While peripheral pain may result from a disease, a more central neuropathic pain may result from damage to brain or spinal cord. [] Despite numerous medications in the market and therapy treatments which patients endure,…

neurons will undergo apoptosis during brain development. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptor modulation may be involved in apoptotic pathway signaling. Anesthetic drugs exert their actions through these receptors, among many others, to produce loss of consciousness. • Delaying non-elective surgical procedures might put children at risk of disease progression,…

Student Name: Yeosmize Student No.: 1023018 Pharmacotherapy Workup © Notes Care Plan Patient Initials: LI Date: Aug 15, 2016 Medical condition Rosacea Patient History: LI is a 50 year-old woman who presented to the pharmacy to pick up her prescription for minocycline 100 mg, take 1 tablet once daily for 60 days. She is diagnosed with moderate rosacea. LI has redness on her cheeks and nose, and also few…

Schizophrenia Assignment This essay will be focused on a mental illness known as Schizophrenia, which Jonathon is experiencing in the Case Study. It will outline its symptoms, the brain structures of Schizophrenic patients, how neurochemistry may be a possible causative factor in it and how medication can affect the brain structure and neurochemistry to manage symptoms in diagnoses of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious chronic mental disorder which is described chiefly by defalcation in…

diuretics, ACEI or ARB, beta blockers and aldosterone antagonists. CD currently takes furosemide and lisinopril for chronic heart failure. He has no symptoms for edema, so the furosemide dose is suitable. Based on the guideline, a beta blocker is indicated because he has chronic heart failure with EF 40%, using a beta block may reduce mortality, the therapeutic options include metoprolol, atenolol, nebivolol. Metoprolol targets beta 1 receptor in the heart and is…

1. Backward journey of a neuron Neurons are specialized cells, and their effective communication is vital to the proper functioning of the peripheral and central nervous system. In this part, we shall cover the backward journey of transmission. Neurons transmit electrical information through the body. The process of transmission should flow well, but there exists a gap between one neuron and the next one called the synaptic junction. The gap is known as the synaptic cleft. Since the electrical…

referring to a process. In other words, the process in which a neurotransmitter is released outside of the cell. Neurotransmitters travel into the space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells, known as the synaptic cleft, where they bind to the receptors located in the postsynaptic cells. After they bind, the neurotransmitters have three options. The first one is that they can travel to the extracellular space, thus, becoming lost. The second option is the fourth step of enzymatic…

What is meant by “agonist and antagonist muscle pairs”? Give an example What is meant by agonist in muscle pairs is that it does the majority of the workload in an exercise and is considered the prime mover (primarily responsible for movement). The antagonist in respect to the agonist counteracts. The antagonist helps allow the agonist to perform a task. An example could be the biceps brachii contracts when doing elbow flexion. While the antagonist would be the triceps brachii relaxing during…

The primary inflammatory cytokines: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine which is produced by macrophages, T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, keratinocytes and tumor cells [13]. It is produced during early inflammatory response. It mediates the production of other cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules [14]. It also increases vascular permeability, which leads to migration of activated immune cells to the site of infection [15,16]. TNF…