Pre-existence

Descartes argues that the existence of a reflective thought should be the first principle of philosophy since it is indubitable (Descartes 2). He also argues that a person's ordinary experience of the world cannot be used to provide a guaranteed foundation upon which other knowledge can be based upon. The mediator reasons that he needs to…

The existence of God has always been, and remains to be, one of the most widely debated and divisive philosophical issues. Arguments surrounding God’s existence are timelessly important. For many who follow belief systems rooted in monotheism, these arguments support their belief and validate the faith they follow. Others draw comfort from proof of God’s existence, as they feel protected and cared for, and often this can reaffirm a belief in the afterlife too. For some, the arguments are…

Name Institution Professor Course Date Logic 1. Valid and invalid arguments A valid logic argument is has a condition that all premises are true meaning the conclusions cannot be false in any way. On the other hand, an invalid argument is the one that offers a possibility of its conclusion being false even if all other premises are true. Differences For the logically valid arguments, adding an extra premise do not have an effect on the conclusions, that is, if the conclusion is validly…

David Hume's argument on miracles is flawed both in what he defines as a miracle and his arguments about the assessment on the evidence of miracles. There are many weaknesses in his theory which will be outlined and one of his strengths will be refuted. Hume defines a miracle as a break in the laws of nature as in his book he states "a miracle is a violation of the laws of nature". He also tells us it is not rational to believe in miracles as it is more logical to believe that the natural laws…

Through the Enuma Elish and Thorkild Jacobsen's interpretation of the Enuma Elish, one beings to understand the linearity of the development of the gods. Beginning from the primordial beings, Abzu and Tiamat, the sweetwater and the ocean water. The infinite expanses which fills the void of nothingness. It is not until their intermingling the next pair of primordial beings Lahamu and Lahmu are created. Lahamu the primordial daughter and her brother Lahmu who are suggested to represent a sea-bed…

Rene Descartes work ‘Meditations on First Philosophy’ is filled with his many ideas on God, the relationship between the mind and body and the trustworthiness of things we believe to be true. The main focus of this essay is his arguments for distrusting the senses. These are the dreaming argument and the evil demon argument. Meditations begins with Descartes casting doubt on everything he once believed to be absolutely true. It is a search for absolute certainty. In order to do this he uses…

47). Which is a very valid point, people often have very mundane dreams that consist of them just going about their day, completely unaware they are dreaming. This brings into question the reality of the physical world and raises doubts about the existence of the objects people regularly interact…

realized that there is no good evidence supporting the existence of any Gods. There is no proof that a higher power exists or has ever existed. All we have are ancient books from unverifiable sources that could have easily been edited, and contain no information that is valuable to us in anyway. The only reason we have for believing in a higher power is the fear of non existence. People are terrified by the concept of death and a finite existence. The idea that there is life after death is…

transnational migration has become more frequent from the 19th century up until now, as Hein de Haas points out. This has further resulted in the concept of diasporic existence which is a phenomenon that exists amongst migrants, dispersed from their original homelands (Butler). As to the reasons why transnational migration and diasporic existence become a choice and/or a necessary strategy for individuals, family and women in today’s neoliberal era, they vary from case to case, thus making them…

Samuel Clarke set out to refute Thomas Hobbes in his second set of Boyle Lectures: A discourse Concerning the Unalterable Obligations of Natural Religion, to do so Clarke stated in it that there are different relations among people. Which he goes on to explain that from these relations arise “Fitness” and “unfitness” in behavior among people. To explain this, we must look at the relationship between man and god. The relationship between man and god is infinitely disproportional, there for as…