Lipid

contains. These tests are referred to as the Benedict’s, Lugol’s, Biuret, and Sudan IV tests and are each used to identify an organic compound. For instance, Benedict’s checks for reducing sugars, Lugol’s for starch, Biuret for protein, and Sudan IV for lipids. When testing the unknown with each reagent, the substance only tested positive for reducing sugars. Based on the results of this experiment and what was known about the possible unknowns it could have been, it was concluded that the…

methylphenylalanine and four D-amino acids that involves in inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan. According to Ling et al’s paper, teixobactin has a unique mode of mechanism from the existing antibiotics where it targets multiple target sides which are lipid molecules on peptidoglycan and also teichoic acids that used by bacteria in cell wall synthesis. Teixobactin will form a stoichiometric complex by binding to a highly conserved motif of…

Biological macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller organic molecules. There are four classes of bio macromolecules : Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid. For carbohydrates and proteins these smaller molecules are known as monomers. These similar or identical monomers are covalently bonded together to create a large polymer molecule. Monomers, or base units are bonded together to create larger molecules via dehydration. This involves the removal of a water molecule at…

Macromolecules are in an expansive arrangement of life. These normal mixes are starches, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These are monomers and they interface together into long chains that shape polymers. Diverse reagents can be utilized to discover the range of these macromolecules. Sugars are involved carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They offer essentialness other than give cell support in plant cells. For instance, starches are the key criticalness hotspot for cells, and are a key bit of…

The chemistry of carbohydrates, proteins and minerals plays an important role in running the life process of human body. The chemical reactions and their role in the human body are essential as it fuels the body to carry out the life process, to keep the body healthy and to provide body with energy. Structure of Starch It is formed by units of glucose and is a homopolysaccaride. It is found in the vegetable cells and is composed of two types of homopolysaccaride; Amylopectin and amylose.…

Morphology Influenza is made up of enveloped virions that further made up of eight segmented, single-stranded, negative RNA genomes (Bourmakina and García-Sastre, 2005). Influenza is then broken down further to three categories; A, B, or C, which is determined by the antigenic differences in their structural components nucleoprotein and matrix protein (M1) (Bourmakina and García-Sastre, 2005). Both nucleoproteins and MI proteins are crucial to the survival of the virus. In Influenza A’s RNA,…

Saturated and Trans fats are considered unhealthy fats. Trans fats are also called partially hydrogenated fats because the oils are converted in a solid fat at room temperature changing the carbon to carbon double bond to a carbon to carbon single bond structure (McGuire et al., 2013, pg. 128). Saturated fats contain carbon to carbon single bonds in its structure, then making its structure more rigid, less likely to bend in shape, and solidifying it at room temperature (McGuire et al., 2013, pg.…

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for various types of infections including skin and also respiratory tract infections. S.aureus can infect tissue when if the defensive line such as the skin or mucosal barriers had been breached. The infection caused by this bacteria can be spread in different modes such as direct contact from an infected wound, contact with the hyaluronidase, an enzyme produced by the bacteria that destroys tissues or even skin to skin contact with an infected person.…

into smaller organic portions. Macromolecules must be broken down into much smaller fragments that become a more suitable size for absorption throughout the digestive system (Sadava, D et al., 2008). Larger more complex molecules such as proteins and lipids must be concentrated to simpler particles before they can be absorbed by digestive epithelial cells. Many organs play contribute to the digestive process in breaking down food. Both hallow (Mouth,…

The Leptin receptor, Ob-R, is a member of the class-1 cytokine 25 receptor family and was originally demonstrated in hypothalamic neurons. In animal studies, the main role of leptin seems to be prevention of lipid accumulation in non-adipose sites, such as the myocardium, skeletal muscle, pancreas, and liver. Initially leptin was characterized as a regulator of body weight and energy expenditure. In NASH patients serum leptin levels are increased compared with…