Adiponectin Research Paper

Adiponectin is a cytokine exclusively produced and secreted by adipocytes. In mice, adiponectin decreases hepatic lipogenesis and increases FFA oxidation. In humans, several studies have shown an inverse correlation between adiponectin levels in the blood and hepatic insulin sensitivity as well as fat content in the liver. Adiponectin is a cytokine which acts as an anti-steatotic factor in both muscle and hepatocytes, probably by activating Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and AMP-dependent kinase. Adiponectin production is decreased significantly by TNF-α as well as by the effect of oxidative stress and both is considered important in the progression of the pathology of NAFLD. Moreover, adiponectin is also shown to suppresses the production of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) making it an important anti-inflammatory cytokine [9]. …show more content…
The Leptin receptor, Ob-R, is a member of the class-1 cytokine 25 receptor family and was originally demonstrated in hypothalamic neurons. In animal studies, the main role of leptin seems to be prevention of lipid accumulation in non-adipose sites, such as the myocardium, skeletal muscle, pancreas, and liver. Initially leptin was characterized as a regulator of body weight and energy expenditure. In NASH patients serum leptin levels are increased compared with gender and BMI matched controls. Serum leptin levels were independently associated with the amount of steatosis but not with inflammation and fibrosis