Guanine

Antibiotic sensitivity is the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. Susceptibility can vary within bacteria of the same species due to different strains; with some strains being more resistant than others. Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism to survive and multiply in the presence of an antimicrobial agent that would normally inhibit or kill this species of microorganism. Antibiotic susceptibility tests are done in order to determine, which specific antimicrobials…

Science Matters: Achieving Scientific Literacy Robert M. Hazen and James Trefil wanted to write a book a book that explained the fundamentals of science without being too obscure or specialized. Science Matters : Achieving Scientific Literacy is a book for the general reader that is informative enough to be a popular textbook for introductory courses in high school and college, and yet well-written enough to appeal to general readers uncomfortable with complicated mathematics. Anyone can…

With the advancements made in technology daily and new scientific studies and explorations, the science community is always on the brink of something big. And the next big thing might be designer babies. Deeper and more profound exploration into cells and genetics have allowed for the possibility of designer babies to emerge. Before creating designer babies was even an idea, scientists were first working towards sequencing the human genome. By sequencing the human genome, scientists will be able…

technology. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a macromolecule recognized as a nucleic acid. Which is formed like a curled double helix and is made of a long thread of varying sugars and phosphate groups, adjacent with nitrogenous keys (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine). It 's arranged into composition called chromosomes and contained inside the nucleus of cells. DNA holds…

components are constant in all persons and, therefore, biologists today utilize the nitrogenous base component since it helps in distinguishing different individuals. Indeed, this base is responsible for nucleotides that contain; cytonise, adenine, guanine or even thymine whose combination determines the exact coding capacity and function of the DNA as applied in forensic science. Today, DNA in forensic science is…

Nucleus In each cell, there is one nucleus. It is in the center of the cell, and takes up about ten percent of the cell’s volume. It is a large, oval-shaped structure bound by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope. Inside the nucleus, are organelles called nucleoli, which assemble RNA and synthesize ribosomal subunits. Throughout the inside of the nucleus, is a substance called the nucleoplasm, which suspends the nucleus’ structures. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell to…

Lesson 5: Structures, Functions and Roles of Biological Molecules and Enzyme Activity in Metabolism Biological Molecules/Macromolecules Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis. They manufacture mainly carbohydrates (glucose) as a source of food of many higher organisms in the food chain. It is one of the many biological molecules present in plants and needed by animals. Biological molecules are macromolecules composed of many monomers (polymer) connected through a covalent bond…

codon, and depending on where it is in the normal sequence of amino acids, it can severely alter the protein produced [16]. One mutation that has been shown to cause this defect on the NLRP3 gene is the p.D303N mutation. This mutation causes a G907A (Guanine to Adenine) transition on the DNA. This point mutation changes only one amino acid aspartic acid into asparagine in the peptide chain [17]. This is the most common mutation that causes…

Most DNA is at the nucleus of a cell. Mitochondria are a part of a cell (“What is DNA?”). DNA is also found in mitochondria. The DNA inside of mitochondria is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA (“What is DNA?”) . Information in DNA is: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). These are known as bases. Human DNA has three billion bases. The sequence of the bases is how proteins know what to make (“What is DNA?”).…

Gene Therapy & Cancer Cells Gene therapy is often defined as a treatment that uses genes to cure or prevent diseases. Genes, DNA, and protein are all involved with each other, therefore, in many immune diseases, if one fails your whole immune system could eventually fail. This treatment is relatively new; hence it is still a pretty risky experimentation since it involves getting genes into cancer cells. Gene Therapy is often involved in serious cancer cell treatments; its main purpose is to try…