Guanine

Proof reading and Mismatch repair are crucial processes in DNA replication, their existence reduces the likelihood of a mutation occurring by a significant amount. In fact, proofreading reduces the likelihood of errors occurring to approximately one in every ten million nucleotides (Pierce, 2012-pp354). This essay will emphasise the importance of proofreading during, and mismatch repair post DNA replication and explore its significance in the mechanisms that drive Lynch syndrome. In eukaryotes 3…

Jacob Saunders Mrs. Austin Biology 3/31/2015 There is a lot of controversy over whether gene therapy should be used. Some people want gene therapy to be used and others do not want gene therapy to be used. Some say that Gene therapy can be helpful and save lives but others say that is it right to play the hand of god and change people’s genes. The Idea of Gene therapy was first proposed in the beginning of the nineteen seventies. When the idea was first proposed they did not call it Gene…

Essay: Introduction: “Is the use of laboratory animals for drug testing is justified?” Animal testing is a practise that has been done for many years for the fundamental purpose of investigating problems and side effects that may occur when using a chemical substance or a drug on the human body. Rather than testing it on a human the scientist tests this substance on an animal closely related to humans with both genetics and structure e.g. apes and orang-utan. After this is done, the scientist…

Mainali1 Roshan Mainali Prof. Sherry Sharafin GOVT-2305-73432 April 26, 2017 Interest Group The organization of people having common motive to enhance the leadership skill and knowledge to all the members of the global community is known as Interest group. The main guideline on which this group is totally base on the best interest of the people. This type of organization are formed through all the legal procedure to promote the all action of government. As my question addressed, there are many…

Macromolecules are large molecules that are composed of smaller units. The four major macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Carbon is the primary component of the four macromolecules. Carbon's molecular structure allows it to bond in many different ways and with many different elements. A Monomer is an atom or small molecule that may bind chemically to other monomers to form a Polymer Different monomers make up a polymer. Polymers combine to make a molecule, and…

Social Networking: The lack of Social Interaction One of the humans’ needs in life is communication. We communicate between us in order to deliver a message, such as express our feelings and our ideas. The early Neanderthal used drawing as a way of interacting with each other. Back 6000 years age, the Sumarine created the first graphic form communication (writing) which helped us to Record information, in order to pass it from generation to the other. In the modern ear which we are live…

Suppose we have a certain segment of a DNA molecule ,a gene for example that we want to amplify ,that is make many identical copies of that gene of interest, one way is to basically take that gene to integrate it into a bacterial plasmid to place that recombinant plasmid into a bacterial cell and to allow that bacterial cell to divide many times and eventually make many copies of that gene of interest. The problem with this particular method is that it is not only time consuming and not only is…

Deoxyribonucleic acid is known as the molecule of inheritance where its structure dictates its function in storing the genetic information of the organism (Rafael, 2010). This molecule contains genes which encode proteins needed for the complex biochemical metabolic reactions which occur within the organism (Rafael, 2010). The DNA molecule consists of 2 complementary strands in a helical structure where each strand serves as an informational template for the offspring during duplication (Rafael,…

Clostridium tetani is a bacillus, or rod-shaped bacteria responsible for the often-fatal disease tetanus. The word tetanus originated from the Greek word tetanos, which means to ‘stretch’. It is a Gram-positive bacterium and often appears to be shaped like a tennis racket, drumstick, or club when stained. This unusual appearance is the result of sporulation that occurs within the cell. C. tetani is an obligate anaerobe and relies solely on fermentation. Since it is an obligate anaerobe, this…

joined in a phosphodiester linkage. A phosphate group links the sugar of the nucleotide. B. 1. The two different nitrogenous bases are the pyrimidines and the purines. Purines are double ringed structures. Of the five nitrogen bases, adenine (A) and guanine (G) are purines. Pyrimidines are single ring structures. Cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U) are pyrimidines. Pyrimidines have six carbon rings and nitrogen atoms. Purines are bigger because of a six member ring connected to a five…