Escherichia coli O157:H7

ntroduction The development of the oyster aquaculture become limited as there is a presence of the pathogenic associated microbe that can cause disease which lead to physiological and imbalance in that oyster. There is a few reports that describe the bacterial diversity which is poorly know and required to be further study.(Hernández and Olmos,2006). So, it is important to analyze the bacteria of oyster. This study is carry out to analyze the gram positive bacteria diversity present oyster,…

Bacterium Inoculums preparations for the MIC and MBC experiments From the previous isolated and identified MRSA and VRSA S. aureus isolates, four MRSA+VRSA and four MRSA+VSSA isolates were chosen for MIC and MBC experiments. With a sterile loop, a loopfull from each chosen isolate was inoculated from the BHI slant into MH broth then incubated with shaking at 37°C overnight for 24 hours. The concentrations of these suspensions were adjusted to be equal to the 0.5 McFarland standards by adding a…

1.5. Enzyme-Polysaccharide Interactions Proteins and enzymes have become an integral part of many industrial processes as well as being applied both in cosmetics and in therapeutics. Due to advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering, mass production of protein and enzymes has become feasible. Use of enzymes is environmentally friendly as they catalyse reactions under mild conditions against polluting inorganic catalysts which works in the extremes of pH and temperature. However, this can…

Antibiotics are the most important group of drugs which play a significant role to protect humans and animals against bacterial infections (3). In other words, the use of antibiotics is the most conventional method for treating humans (4). These drugs also are used in fish farming industries in order to improve growth (5). Antibiotics are naturally absorbed by the human body after the use. Therefore, much of the drugs or their metabolites are removed from the body through the urine and feces…

Objective: In-silico assessment analysis of Protein database entries of the Pf. lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) enzyme, considered as an important target for designing of anti-malarial drugs. Methods: PDB structures of the enzyme Pf. lactate dehydrogenase were downloaded from Protein Data Bank. These were subjected to ANOLEA energy assessment analysis and Swiss model was used to analyse Ramachandran plot. Results: The energy assessment analysis and analysis of Ramachandran plot were carried out…

Introduction Gram staining is a method commonly used to determine the chemical make up of the cell wall of bacteria. The cell wall can stain either positive or negative, depending on its chemistry.The aim of this experiment. Gram staining was the first differential technique used and still in use to make microscopic vision of bacteria clearer while also sub-divides the bacteria into two major groups: Gram-positive and Gram –negative. This experiment should help us describe how Gram staining…

Structure of the Bacterial Cell Wall Bacterial cells differ from mammalian cells due to highly developed cell walls outside the cytoplasmic membranes that provide structural integrity and shape to the cell. Bacteria live in dilute aqueous environments, which causes an intracellular pressure equivalent of 10-25 atm. Without the structural support of the cell wall, the cell is susceptible to lysis and osmotic rupture due to osmotic rupture due to turgor pressure. Figure 1: Comparison between…

Typhoid Fever In the world today, there are many diseases considered as fatal. Some of these diseases are caused by microorganisms called bacteria. More than 200 bacterial diseases are transmitted through eating and drinking. One of these common waterborne and foodborne diseases is Typhoid Fever. Studies conducted in America shows that about 400 cases occur each year, 75% comes from international travelers. Moreover, about 2.5 million cases happen yearly all over the world (1&4). This disease…

UTIs primarily effect women. To begin, a Urinary Tract Infection is an infection of the urethra, bladder, or kidneys and can be caused by several different types of bacteria, by far the most common being Escherichia coli, or in other terms E. coli (Djordjevic). More times than not, the E. coli bacteria is able to get to the urethra from the anus through poor hygiene (Wexler), spreading through sexual activity, and can even be transmitted to the urethra by wearing thongs. First off, hygiene is…

spend less or go somewhere else. E. Coli and Norovirus In recent years there have been 53 people within nine different states that were sickened with E. coli (Berfield, 2015). Among the nine states, 46 out of the 53 people ate Chipotle the week before becoming sick (Berfield, 2015). Many of those people were hospitalized, 20 to be exact (Berfield, 2015). Oregon and Washington closed all the Chipotle’s in early November in order to identify the source of the E. coli (Berfield, 2015). While being…