Cell site

Microbes - bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa and viruses - have been around for at least 3,500 million years and were the only life forms on Earth for most of that time. Microbiology is the study of these small organisms. A microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic. The development of the microscope, along with the observations of various scientists, led to the discovery of microorganisms. It is thanks to Van Leeuwenhoek who is largely credited with the discovery of…

not come emidiatly largely because of the self imposed waiting time that the group placed on themselves knowing full well the risks of public backlash at their discovery which is why the group did not go ahead and put recombinant DNA into a living cell rite away until they went and got ethical clearance from Stanford university which they did need but got away way. This gesture is significant not because of its contribution to science itself but rather it is one the finest examples of self…

understand the structure of muscle cells. Muscles cells are large cells that are surrounded by a special membrane called the sarcolemma and are filled with fluid called sarcoplasm. The sarcoplasm abounds with mitochondria for energy production and ribosomes for protein manufacturing. Muscle cells are also packed with many…

Nucleus: The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. It’s much like a blueprint that contains all of the instructions on building the body. It contains genetic material called DNA. This DNA has instructions for building proteins and is essential to cell reproduction. If a cell doesn’t have a nucleus for whatever reason will certainly die. The nucleus conforms to the shape of the cell so it could be oval or it could be spherical. The nucleus has three recognizable regions; the nuclear…

centrisome of cells and are primarily tasked with the creation of microtubules. The microtubules give way to mitotic spindles, which play a vital role in both mitosis and cytokinesis as they give cilia and flagellum the ability to generate motion and they ensure both newly formed cells contain paired centrioles during the later stages of cell division. Kinetochores are protein structures that produce chromosomal movement through the attachment of chromatids to spindle fibres and aid in cell…

for development of anticancer drugs and their delivery to the tumor site. Perhaps the biggest obstacle is the localization of tumors in the brain, which implies that the anti-cancer agent must be able to penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a highly selective permeability barrier that separates circulating blood from cerebrospinal fluid in the Central Nervous System (CNS). It is mainly formed by endothelial cells lining the brain microvessels. Pericytes envelope a part of the…

into a cell against its concentration gradient. This type of action is known as active transport because it needs the energy to be able to move the ions against their concentration gradient. Generally, the solutes being pushed in or out of a cell will go from a low concentration gradient to a high concentration gradient. The sodium-potassium pump is crucial to kidney function, nerve signaling, and heart contractions in the human body. The pump will continuously sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell…

As we all know and have been studying as scientist that the cell is the basic unit of life. The cell provides structure for the body, takes in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients to energy and carries out specialized functions. The cell is composed of many parts, all with different functions. The cell is made up of two major parts which include the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope, which can also be referred to as the nuclear membrane which is…

The cell wall is only found in plant, bacteria, fungi, algae and other archaea cells. Its main functions are to provide protection and support for the cell. But the cell wall has many other functions as well including intercellular communication, providing shape, they also regulate what gasses can enter each cell. The vacuole hold water in plant cells and the cell wall maintains shape when the vacuole is full. The cell wall also prevents the cell from bursting when the vacuole is fully expanded.…

In the cell, you have a vast majority of organelles that perform as needed today to support it. These organelles must go by a certain way of processing each of its duties to keep it alive and healthy. It’s like an auto body factory. When one thing goes wrong it causes problems throughout the entire cell. This could cause major discrepancies and dysfunctions that would most likely cause the human body to shut down due to illness, sickness, disease or more severely, death. So it’s a must these…