Cell site

It is well known that all organisms require at least some water to survive, even the most hardy creature on the planet earth, the tardigrade, Hypsibius dujardini, which can survive near complete dehydration, exposure to extreme radiation, vacuum, temperature and pressure, must be rejuvenated with water if it is to resume life after near complete desiccation (Gabriel, et al. 2007). H. dujardini, famous for surviving some of the harshest conditions of any organism we know of, is a perfect example…

stage, the caterpillar starts to grow rapidly and totally rebuilt by differentiating into different tissues. Once the caterpillar reach its maximum size until it looks like a giant droplet, it change behaviour and stop feeding and begin to create a site for pupation. This process are rapidly occur and last for two to three weeks or prolonge that last more than a year. Brower (2007) noted, that inside the fifth instar, the hormonal changes take place by losely all it interest in feeding. The…

Lab #5 Assignment: Protein Analysis by SDS-PAGE Introduction: Different cells and tissues express different proteins because of gene expression. Gene basically reflects what the protein will be and also its function. The expression must be controlled by some kind of regulation in the processes of transcription and translation. For example, in transcription, enhancer sequences provide binding sites for regulatory proteins that will affect RNA polymerase activity. On a related note, the size of…

Microbes - bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa and viruses - have been around for at least 3,500 million years and were the only life forms on Earth for most of that time. Microbiology is the study of these small organisms. A microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic. The development of the microscope, along with the observations of various scientists, led to the discovery of microorganisms. It is thanks to Van Leeuwenhoek who is largely credited with the discovery of…

not come emidiatly largely because of the self imposed waiting time that the group placed on themselves knowing full well the risks of public backlash at their discovery which is why the group did not go ahead and put recombinant DNA into a living cell rite away until they went and got ethical clearance from Stanford university which they did need but got away way. This gesture is significant not because of its contribution to science itself but rather it is one the finest examples of self…

Bottjer LO1 3. Explain precisely the functions of the following cell components: Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic recticulum, smooth endoplasmic recticulum, Golgi body, mitochondrion, cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole. Nucleus: The nucleus is a membrane bound organelle that is often reffered to as the 'brain of the cell' as it controls the cells activities. It is the largest organelle in most cells which means it is easily visible under a light microscope, it is…

Nucleus: The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. It’s much like a blueprint that contains all of the instructions on building the body. It contains genetic material called DNA. This DNA has instructions for building proteins and is essential to cell reproduction. If a cell doesn’t have a nucleus for whatever reason will certainly die. The nucleus conforms to the shape of the cell so it could be oval or it could be spherical. The nucleus has three recognizable regions; the nuclear…

understand the structure of muscle cells. Muscles cells are large cells that are surrounded by a special membrane called the sarcolemma and are filled with fluid called sarcoplasm. The sarcoplasm abounds with mitochondria for energy production and ribosomes for protein manufacturing. Muscle cells are also packed with many…

Cells are joined to other cells or to the extracellular matrix at specific sites called cell junctions. These help to stabilise the structure of tissues. There are three types of cell junctions: occluding junctions, anchoring junctions and communicating junctions. In vertebrates, occluding junctions are called tight junctions. They act as a barrier to separate fluids that have different chemical composition. These can be seen in the epithelial tissues. For example the epithelial cells in the gut…

centrisome of cells and are primarily tasked with the creation of microtubules. The microtubules give way to mitotic spindles, which play a vital role in both mitosis and cytokinesis as they give cilia and flagellum the ability to generate motion and they ensure both newly formed cells contain paired centrioles during the later stages of cell division. Kinetochores are protein structures that produce chromosomal movement through the attachment of chromatids to spindle fibres and aid in cell…