Y chromosome

Sperm containing the Y chromosome with a properly functioning SRY gene determines male gender, and if contains the genetic material of the X chromosome is shaped female. The presence of the SRY gene is the basic criterion of gender gene in humans. Discovered in 1990 by a group of P. Goodfellow from the University of Cambridge ,SRY gene is called the "central switch of the masculinity" and is located on the short arm of the Y chromosome locus…

article that will be explored regarding the hypothesis and the findings is “A Gene Mystery: How Are Rats with No Y Chromosome Born Male?” By Steph Yin. This article was published by the New York Time on May 12, 2017. The main topic of this article is the endangered Amami spiny rats which are found in Japan. These rats are the focus of the experiment because these rats have lost their “Y chromosome and as well have lost the gene SRY (which is considered the master switch of male anatomical…

genetic information in cells separating during meiosis, resulting in sex cells of an organism carrying a single copy of the parent’s genetic information . Cells have two copies of genetic information stored in theirevery chromosomes. Each chromo carries one copy of each gene. Chromosomes that make up the allele can be the same or differ from each other . Alleles that have two copies of the same trait are homozygous. If the alleles differ the cell will express the dominant trait phenotypically,…

development and learning capabilities. They are often victims to respiratory diseases, early Alzheimer’s, leukemia, vision problems, and hearing defects. This mutation is caused by the mother’s age or the result of nondisjunction in father’s chromosome 21(extra copy of chromosome 21). Patau syndrome - Patau syndrome causes serious defects to the eye, brain, circulatory functions, and spine. It can also cause extra fingers, extra toes, weak muscles, cleft palates, and cleft lips. The ratio of…

usually call it by its abbreviation ‘RP’. Even though RP is a rare disease, it is very harmful. It can lead a person to blindness. By studying Retinitis Pigmentosa for 20 years, Eric A. Pierce, a ophthalmologist, found out that what part of the chromosome goes wrong will cause the RP happened. In the experiment, he first looks for the mice that have the RP, and take out their genes to compare to the candidate genes from human. Then, they matched them and used the conventional molecular genetic…

The sex chromosome determines whether a zygote will be male or female. Females have XX sex chromosomes and males have XY chromosomes. One chromosome comes each comes from the gametes of the parents. Each egg has an X chromosome and “if the sperm contains a Y chromosome, the match with the female chromosome will be XY, and the child will be genetically male,” (Ginsberg, Nackerud & Larrison, 2004, p. 198). On the other hand if the chromosomes from each parent is XX the child…

“mongolism” before it was later termed Down syndrome in honor of his discovery. Nearly a century later, geneticists Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs reported the chromosomal abnormality for the first time in humans to be secondary to a trisomy of chromosome 21 [1]. The reason that Down syndrome is still so common today is because there has been an increase in older women having babies. Maternal age is an important factor that plays into the possibility of a child being born with Down syndrome.…

partial loss of an X sex chromosome[2]. Symptoms of Turner’s syndrome include, but aren’t limited to short stature, glucose intolerance, broad chest and widely spread nipples, amenorrhea, webbed neck, aortic valve stenosis, visual impairments, hearing loss, problems with concentration, and nonverbal learning issues[3]. Not all individuals will present with the same combination of symptoms or with the same expressivity[4]. About half of the 2,500 births have only one X chromosome. This is called…

Chromosomes, or strings of genes carrying genetic information, are vital to the existence of living things. A specimen cannot have more or less than how many that particular species needs. In humans, this number is 23. The 23rd pair of chromosomes, referred to as Group X, contain the sex cells that decide the gender of the organism. If a Y chromosome is present, the organism is male, and if not, it is a female. If the chromosomes fail to separate correctly during meiosis (type of cell division…

and meiosis two. The guided question I answered was how does the process of meiosis reduce the number of chromosomes in a reproductive cell? It is important for scientists to answer this question because they need to learn how a reduction in chromosomes is very critical. Without it the two gametes during fertilization, the offspring would result in with two times the regular number of chromosomes. Scientist use models to demonstrate mitosis one, mitosis two, meiosis one, and meiosis two. A…