Y chromosome

meiosis has a synapsis of homologous chromosomes while mitosis does not. During daughter cell number and genetic composition, mitosis has two, each diploid cell is identical to the mother cell. While during meiosis this changes to 4 and each haploid cell contains half as many chromosomes as the mother cell and is inherently genetically different than the mother cell. Another difference is how the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, during mitosis the chromosomes will align at the center,…

presence of more than two sets of chromosomes (3n, 4n, 5n, etc.) (Soltis et al., 2009) as sporophyte. Polyploids may have arisen as the result of nondisjunction during meiosis or may be generated when chromosomes are dividing properly in mitosis and meiosis, but the cytokinesis does not follow. Polyploidy can be classified into two: polysomic polyploidy (autopolyploidy) and disomic polyploidy (allopolyploidy) (Stebbins, 1951). Autopolyploidy comes from doubling of chromosome number within in…

For instance, there are two types of chromosomes: autosomal and sex chromosomes. Sex-linkage behaves differently from autosomal chromosomes since males tend to have more impacts. In addition, crossing over can also happens between homologous chromosome; however, the frequency of having recombinant of two genes varies depending the gene loci. Crossing over can happens to any chromosome except for the male fruit fly sex chromosome due to unknown reason. Recombinant frequency uses to…

Apert syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by malformations of the skull, face, hands and feet. Apert also has lots of other symptoms that differentiate them from the average person. It is a genetic disorder which 1 in every 70,000 inherit. This genetic disorder characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones known as craniosynostosis. The early fusion prevents the skull from developing and growing normally and affects the shape of the head and face. It also effects a…

(scoliosis) can also be caused by Angelman Syndrome. Even with the abundant amount of disabilities that come with having this disorder, the life expectancy of the affected people is almost normal. The cause of Angelman Syndrome is a genetic mutation in chromosome 15. A person without this disorder would get one gene from their mother and one gene from their father. People with Angelman Syndrome, however, only have one of those genes active in parts of the brain, meaning that gene is either…

caused by a mutation in the ATP6V1B2 gene on chromosome 8p21 or a mutation in the KCNH1 gene on chromosome 1q32. It affects individuals who are of Eastern Indian ancestry from India and the West Indies and also individuals from European descent. Zimmermann Laband Syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but also may exist as an autosomal recessive trait. This disease is genetic and can only be inherited. Scientist have also found a gene on chromosome three that may cause some cases…

of 20,000-25,000 genes per one single chromosome? And one change or shortage in such a minute item can cause a major condition, disease, disorder and even cancer. Chromosomes seven - twelve have large number of gene pairs and genes that are roughly the following; chromosome 7 spans about 159 million DNA base pairs and likely contains 900 to 1,000 genes, chromosome 8 spans more than 146 million DNA base pairs, and likely contains about 700 genes, chromosome 9 is made up of about 141 million DNA…

potential chromosomal disorder in a newborn. Edwards called it trisomy which means type unknown. Then he had some of the tissue tested and founded an extra chromosome. He then re-named named it trisomy eighteen, or Edwards syndrome. Edwards syndrome is where there are two pairs of eighteen chromosomes and it has an extra chromosome. Normally chromosome 18 only has two pairs. There are two types of Edwards syndrome, full form and mosaic trisomy eighteen. In full form about ninety five…

Description: A rare disorder, Cockayne Syndrome, has diagnostic criteria which includes: small head size, insufficient growth in weight and height (dwarfism), sensitivity to sunlight, hearing loss, tooth decay, bone abnormalities, aged appearance, and cold hands and feet. Changes in the brain viewed by a cat scan are also evidence of the disorder. There are four different types of Cockayne Syndrome which are defined by when the onset of the disease appears. CS Type I: CS Type I is the most…

Bongani Magadla Fallen Angel Sylas looked down at the blemishes that were beginning to blossom on his hands. His caramel complexion slowly becoming darker and lighter at the same time. The usual nightmares had not visited him last night; blessing him with restful sleep for the first time in almost a month. The faces in those nightmares were as clear as day. He pressed his hand down to the Stabilizer. After doing this for 16 years, the sting of the Stabilizer was little more than an ant bite.…