Renal physiology

pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis is an acute urological condition that cause infection on one or both kidneys. It is a lower urinary tract infection that ascended to the pelvis of the kidney. Severe cases of pyelonephritis can cause systemic sepsis, pyonephrosis, renal failure, multisystem failure and death. In most cases, the infection is caused by gram-negative bacteria, mostly Escherichia coli, which is transmitted from anal and perianal…

Chronic Kidney Disease is also known as Chronic Kidney Failure. This diagnosis describes a set of renal-degenerative symptoms and stages that eventually lead to dialysis, kidney transplant, and/or death. What makes chronic kidney disease so dangerous is its innocuity. Its early symptoms are often nonspecific and can appear to be from other illnesses. Usually, by the time the kidney damage is noticed due to loss of function, it is irreversible. Due to advancing medical technology, improved…

the causes renal failure . Pre-renal kidney injury is caused by hypo perfusion of the kidneys caused by volume depletion and renal artery stenosis( Cheung, Talbot , 2008) Intrinsic kidney injury involves structural damage to glomerulus, vessels, or kidney tubules which can be by prolonged pre- renal causes leading to cell necrosis by ischemia or by infectious agents and toxins that result in inflammation or injury . (ADIS International Ltd, 2009;Cheunget al ;2008; Talbot,2008). Post renal…

All about End Stage Renal Failure Whitney Caples Mississippi College Introduction Healthy kidneys cleanse the blood by removing excess fluid, minerals, and wastes. They also make hormones that keep your bones strong and your blood healthy. But if the kidneys are damaged, they don't work properly. Harmful wastes can build up in your body. Your blood pressure may rise. Your body may retain excess fluid and not make enough red blood cells. End Stage Renal Failure, also referred to as kidney…

incapable of filtering wastes products from the blood. The chance of acquiring AKF is greater if the patient is already hospitalized. In addition, AKF develops quickly and require intensive treatment. On the other hand, the patients could recover normal renal function if their health are good. AKF is characterized by drowsiness, swelling, and shortness of breath. However, sometimes AKF does not appear any signs or symptoms. AKF has four phases which are the onset phase, the oliguric phase, the…

can lead to abruptio placentae, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral vascular accident, acute renal failure, and intrauterine growth restrictions for the fetus (Norton 2007).” This decreased circulation leads to significant changes as follows: Decreased renal perfusion reduces the glomerular filtration rate causing blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels to rise; Glomerular damage from the reduced renal blood flow allowing protein to leak across the glomerular membrane; Loss of protein…

incomplete with many undiagnosed cases in a population. Output bias is noted in terms of consequent under-reporting of morbidity status. Accuracy of national recording of the outcomes, in terms of complications, most notably amputations, blindness, and renal failure, is also hugely variable. Direct comparisons are problematic insofar as state-funded and private systems co-exist and have different outcome measures. The various healthcare systems have the primary healthcare provided by different…

Supportive care is also known as medical management or conservative kidney management (CKM) of end stage CKD. It lets the disease run its course and focuses on treating the symptoms. (Zios.H, 2014) As stated in the booklet from the Renal Resource Centre ‘Supportive care aims to preserve kidney function for as long as possible but cannot stop the decline in kidney function. It does not replace kidney function. Dialysis and transplant whilst effective treatments do not fully replace…

What Causes Kidney Failure Kidneys are the organs that help filter waste products from the blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cells production in the body. Sysmtoms of kidney failure are due to build-up of waste products in the body that may cause weakness shortness of breath, lethargy,and confusion. Inability to remove potassium from the bloodstream may lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death, initially kidney failure may…

Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic Kidney disease(CKD) is also known as Chronic Kidney Failure and is the gradual loss of kidney function. The kidneys are responsible for filtering wastes and excess fluids from the blood, which is than excreted through urine. When CKD reaches an advanced stage, the levels of fluids become very dangerous and it causes electrolytes and wastes to build up in the body.(Mayo Clinic, 2016) Pathophysiological Process CKD occurs when a disease or condition impairs kidney…