Granger causality

explain this I will first need to explain what Hume means by Impressions and Ideas by means of how Hume claims we perceive the world. An Impression is how we perceive the world as we perceive it at the present, anything that is happening right now that you can perceive is an impression and Hume says this is a very forceful and lively way of perception. An example would be that if you are walking your dog you are having a forceful and lively impression because you perceiving it now. Wile an Idea…

One of Aristotle’s essential views on Nature is his idea of the four major “causes.” These four is causes are material cause, formal cause, the moving cause, and final cause. Matter, is the physical composition of the object: the components it is created out of. Form is the way in which these parts are put together which includes the properties of the object and the functions that arise from it. The moving cause is the thing which about an event or an action, and the final cause is the reason…

impact the surrounding ecosystems in a negative way. This can be referred to as forest fragmentation. Forest fragmentation negatively affects the forests connectivity and function. Fragmentation caused by mine reclamation is said to be “two-sided because both the effect that natural habitat has on the restored area, and the effect the restored area has on natural habitat.” (Craig et al. 2015) It is known “edge effects increase with increasing contrast between habitats forming the edge with…

Introduction: _Have you ever done something in your life that gave you a thrill like you have never had before? For example, you played the best game of your entire life and you 're on cloud nine or you ride a roller coaster for the very first time. This is the same experience that methamphetamine users experience. It 's a thrill, a rush, but its the beginning of an addiction that is very hard to get rid of. Methamphetamine isn 't usually drug that many people pick up for the first time. It…

When it comes to the existence of God, there are many arguments. Some say that God does not exist while others try to explain how the universe was created. Saint Thomas Aquinas gives a cosmological view on whether God exists. In his article, Whether God Exists, he provides five arguments to support his view. The first article talks about motion. Just like the Myth of the Cave the prisoners used their senses to survive on a daily basis. Your senses prove that things are in motion. This shows…

“Some Things, You 're Better Off Not Knowing ...” If you were a teacher, how would you feel about all your students judging you on a public forum? After reading “Some Things, You’re Better Off Not Knowing…Thoughts on RateMyProfessor.com” by Aimee Morrison I went online to look at the ratings of the teachers that I have taken classes with and became agitated by how low my favorite teacher’s scores were. Most all of the review are from students who didn’t care enough to put in their best effort,…

argues is because nature is constructed by a free uncaused cause (that which has no external constraint). This uncaused cause started the causal chain and therefore to gain relative freedom compared to other determined things one must understand causality. Relative freedom is the only attainable state because the only thing that is fully free is the infinite, uncaused cause substance…

In the Eighth Section of the First Enquiry, Hume takes on the matter of Free Will and Determinism. The section takes on the problem of how the science of his time implies the world, and consequently human beings, is deterministic, while at the same time people’s own understanding of their lives implies that they have free will. Hume makes an argument using his ideas about knowledge and causation, to claim that determinism and free-will are compatible with each other. This section makes use of…

‘Sometimes I think I 'm crazy because I 'm different from everyone else.’ with this quote constantly running through my mind, I personally understood what Madrid meant when he said that the Other”results in us feeling excluded, or even disdained and scorned.” As a child I always felt as if I played the role of the other. I was different in ways such as loving to learn, and being an overly outgoing person with different points of view, and as a result; I found that other children…

In the Daodejing, Laozi advocates the idea of wuwei, which literally translates to “nonaction” as it is referred to in the text (Chapter 2, pg. 164). However, this does not imply it is best to do nothing at all, but rather asserts that we should act through nonaction implying in a sense to go along with the course of nature (Chapter 63, pg. 194). As Laozi says, “the Way does nothing yet nothing is left undone” (Chapter 37, pg. 179). Therefore, harmony will come from letting actions come…