Granger causality

Free will is a characteristic unique to persons, allowing them control of their actions. Often brought up with determinism, it is the most commonly disputed topic of metaphysics. Determinism the philosophical proposition that every action or event is determined by a perpetual chain of pre-determined events or preceding occurrences. This means that under determinism, it is not possible for any spontaneous or random events to occur. Determinism and free will go together due to the fact that they…

Possible worlds theory and immersion depend on each other: Individuals have to accept or at least have understanding of diversity in worlds in order to be able to immerse into one of these (textual) worlds. Immersion in itself is only possible if the individual is capable of suspending the disbelief that only one world can exist and the prevailing laws in this world will be overthrown during the time of immersion. What is known to be the real world for an individual must not necessarily be the…

Compatibilism vs Hard Determinism Liaa Ferede University of Minnesota Rochester Introduction Hard determinism is the belief that “all of our actions are completely causally determined by prior events” (Mondy, Hard determinism ppt, 2017) therefore our actions are not free. For instance, the way someone grew up can affect how they view the world and how they make decisions, so their action is not free because it is affected by their past. I will be objecting to this view with the compatibilism…

These three philosophers Anselm, Guanilo and Thomas Aquinas present their arguments about the existence of God that not everyone would agree with their view of how God exists. One philosopher Thomas Aquinas gives the better evidence in opinion because he argues that everything that has breath must have a creator. Aquinas opinion is the only thing that makes sense of what these three philosophers say about the existence of God. God does exist not for what these three philosophers say, but God…

Fate is an inevitable and most often adverse outcome, condition, or we can say end, while free will is the ability or discretion to choose; free choice. In the story Oedipus the King, one of Sophocles masterpiece, free will plays an important and significant role in the story. In my honest opinion, I am up the view that fate only intervenes in one instance, but on the other hand this is not the case with Free will. Free will is distributed throughout the entire story. I do have a strong belief…

Fate and Free Will in Shakespearean Literature Within the field of Shakespearean literature, fate and free will is a central topic. The definition of fate is: “the universal principle or ultimate agency by which the order of things is presumably prescribed; the decreed cause of events; time” ("Fate"). The definition of free will is: “Philosophy. the doctrine that the conduct of human beings expresses personal choice and is not simply determined by physical or divine forces” ("Free will"). These…

Stress is a common factor in the lives of every individual, notwithstanding of what each other’s race or even cultural background (Garrett, 2001). If stress and anxiety is present for a long time, it may be very difficult to cope with or even a health risk. Stress may become dangerous when it doesn’t allow yourself to preform your daily needs like you usually do. There are many ways in how to cope with stress and everyone deals with it to the best of their ability. As the academic expectation…

When days switches between day and night, spirits fought for control, causing many conflicts between Team Daytime and Team Nighttime. Because of this, each day was always full of tension. These spirits often caused fires, smoke, and many non-eco friendly things to the environment. The world was in chaos. The spirits of Daytime, were Bright, Sun, Day, while the spirits of Nighttime, were Night, Dark, and Gloom. Team Nighttime ruled the first half of the day while Team Daytime ruled the second…

“Case Against Free Will” - Protocol Paper 4 RECALL: In “The Case against Free Will” by Rachels question; 1) Are we really responsible for what we do.; 2) Does “Free Will or Free Choice,” effect our behavior. Rachels claim “Since we are a part of nature, whatever happens inside us follows the laws of nature.”; 3) The case of Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb, who murdered a boy named Bobby Franks, is used as an example to support their claim; 4) Clarence Darrow, the defense lawyer for Leopold and…

A large and important topic in philosophy is the idea of what us, as humans, are in control of throughout our lives. Are we in control of every moment in our life, or is our life completely mapped out for us. This question leads us to two critical terms used by philosophers, free will and determinism. I will analyze these two theories and discuss different viewpoints that philosophers have regarding free will and determinism. I will explain how they interact with one another in an attempt to…