Electrochemical cell

How does a variation in the concentration of metal ions of the cathode in a Zinc-Copper electrochemical cell affect the electrical potential? Introduction: In a highly technological and quickly developing society, it is imperative to innovation that basic components are understood and explored to further expansion and advancement. In order to understand how everyday necessities such as cars, computers, and cell phones are constantly powered, it must first be understood what is in a battery as well as what happens to the ions within the battery. This can be explained by electrochemistry and the reaction that occurs within a battery, which is induced and explored in this experiment. The reaction that occurs within a battery cell is an oxidation-reduction…

In this experiment, various electrochemical cells were measured and calculated to determine their electrical cell potential. In the electrochemical cell Zn (s) │Zn2+ (0.10 M) ││ Cu2+ (0.10 M) │ Cu(s), E cell potential was determined to be 1.040 V while the standard E˚ cell potential was 1.10 V. In the electrochemical cell Zn (s) │Zn2+ (0.10 M) ││ Cu2+ (1.0 M) │ Cu(s) E cell potential was determined to be 1.060 V while the standard E˚ cell potential was 1.10 V. In the electrochemical cell Cu (s)…

Flow batteries have been around since the 1970’s this technological advance in the field of energy storage and acts as a fuel cell which can provide a new and efficient energy supply. One of the biggest advantages of flow batteries is that they can practically in an instance recharge just by replacing the electrolyte liquid,while this happens it is recovering the spent materials for recharge. Several different flow batteries have been developed, including Redox, Hybrid and, Membraneless. The…

This is important in determining physiological effects A stable transfection allows the plasmid to remain in the cell genome, in contrast to transient transfection where expression is limited due to eventual degradation. The plasmid integrates into the genome of the transfected cell, and becomes part of the cell line, passing on during replication8. Different reagents and other physical tools involving electrochemical changes can be used for transfection, and efficiency depends on the specific…

the structure and function of a lysosome. Lysosomes are a cell organelle, translating as an independent structure within a cell, possessing a specific structure and function. For a lysosome its functions include; digestion of intracellular or extracellular material, nutrition from digested macromolecules and defence/protection from harmful substances. Lysosomes are variable from cell to cell in terms of shape and size but are conventionally spherical or oval shaped, 0.5µm in diameter and around…

Relationship between cells Cells contain organelles these are the basis of a cell it contains many organelles and is basically the same a human these cells are the basic blocks of life cells are microscopic and what makes up tissues. Tissues are visible to the naked eye and are what creates us there are four main types of tissue connective epithelial nervous and muscle. Tissue makes up organs these are the what run us humans and every other living thing these keep them alive and have many…

As macromolecular machines, enzymes conduct their designated work in the confined and crowded spaces inside living cells. How does a protein work in such a condition? Functions of proteins are strongly dependent on their structural stability and dynamics while the (macro) molecular interactions are arguably affected by the complexity and diversity of their environments. To date, two interrelated cellular conditions — ‘macromolecular crowding’ resulted from the effect of volume exclusion by…

components into surrounding tissue (121). Key players that help mediate necrosis include ROS, Calcium ions, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP), and lysosomal proteases (888). PARP is an enzyme that is responsible for repairing DNA damage, such as strand breaks. Cells that have undergone a traumatic cellular insult typically have damaged DNA. PARP will deplete cellular ATP in an attempt to repair the massive damage to DNA. Several proteases are activated by increased cellular calcium ion…

The electrochemical ion gradient is mainly established by the Na+,K+-ATPase. Facilitated diffusion is an example of passive diffusion, but aided by membrane-spanning channel proteins that span the lipid bilayer. Therefore, the particles (molecules or ions) do not have to dissolve in the cell membrane's hydrophobic lipid bilayer, allowing hydrophilic and larger molecules (carbohydrates, ions) to be transported into the…

The innermost compartment, surrounded by the inner membrane, is the mitochondrial matrix(pH 7.9-8)The high pH of the mitochondrial matrix creates the trans-membrane electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis The mitochondrial matrix is the site of organellar DNA replication, transcription, protein biosynthesis and numerous enzymatic reactions. Mitochondrial DNA is compacted by the mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM into supramolecular assemblies called nucleoids, of which there are…