DNA methylation

This paper is going to describe the replication of DNA and RNA and the processes of transcription and translation of protein synthesis. What is DNA? DNA is a nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. DNA sequences are replicated by the cell prior to cell division and may include genes,…

Introduction Background While the clinical validity of genetic tests is growing, there emerges a concern that the disclosure of individuals’ genetic test results could lead to discrimination by health insurers and employers (Hudson et al., 2008). Federal legislation addressed the protection of individuals’ genetic information by passing the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) in May 2008. The law prohibits health insurers and employers from using an individual’s genetic…

1. In the fourth part of his book, Michael Pollan discusses fermentation. The first chapter is about the fermentation of vegetables. Fermentation is basically decay or rot. This used to be how people preserved food before cooling appliances and sealed cans were invented/available. About 33% of food is still produced by fermentation. Every culture ferments food one way or another. One example of culture specific fermentation that is still quite common is the pit fermentation of cabbage in China…

Scientists are developing ways to edit the DNA of tomorrow’s children. In the short story “Flowers For Algernon”, by Daniel Keyes, there is an intellectually disabled man named Charlie Gordon that is also going to be operated on to promote his intelligence. As informed scientists are developing ways to edit the DNA of babies. That means that people are making their babies with requested traits: intelligence, eye color, athleticism, and disease prevention. They are known as designer babies. As…

engineering technology and the meeting began to gather steps for the use of gene editing. The discussion later brought up that China has been rising in genomics which should not be happening because the Asilomar Conference of 1975 confined them from DNA crossing. Stated in the discussion, "Some scientists felt that dealing with the new technology without extreme precaution could lead to characteristics being added to the pool or removed from the gene pool, others felt like the inquiry would…

The themes of Frankenstein are still relevant today because they are asking if it is right to do something just because you have the means to do it. In other words should we do something just because we can? I believe this is the same about designer babies. In some cases it can be good in ways that we can take genes that are cancerous and remove them. But then there are people who want to choose what color eyes their child has and in those cases it doesn't really make sense because if everyone…

Beetles, a group of insects are part of Coleopteran Order, they can be easily identified because of their dark colored body. Beetles mostly live in hot, cold, dry, or moist condition and because the Great Basin is the home of arid climate beetles can be easily found. Many of their food sources come from leaves, seeds, fruits, or dead wood. However, if beetles have good diets and potentially find other food sources they could benefit their population growth (Arbogast, et al. 2010). Beetles can…

Osteopetrosis is a clinical syndrome characterized by the failure of osteoclasts to resorb bone. As a consequence, bone modeling and remodeling are impaired. The defect in bone turnover characteristically results in skeletal fragility despite increased bone mass, and it may also cause hematopoietic insufficiency, disturbed tooth eruption, nerve entrapment syndromes, and growth impairment. Researchers have described several major types of osteopetrosis, which are usually distinguished by their…

scientists announced to a lunch time crowd that they had discovered the secret to life. How DNA changed the world To begin with scientists used to have no understanding of what caused distinct patterns of inheritance. They knew that a DNA molecule was simple. Then Watson-Crick discovered how the molecules could encode information in the copious quantities necessary to program a living cell. Thus showing that DNA records genetic information in the form of a four letter…

Necrosis occurs as a result of external injury due to cellular injury, bacterial toxin or trauma to a particular area of the body. Necrosis differs from apoptosis in a couple of ways. First, the morphological changes that a cell undergoes are different in necrosis compared to apoptosis. Secondly, apoptosis is highly regulated, however, necrosis is unregulated. The morphological changes that a cell undergoes during necrosis are the swelling of the cytoplasm, irreversible damage to the plasma…