Congestion pricing

resulted in problems such as inefficient energy consumptions, pollutions, and congestion. Urban and transportation planners and policy makers have concerned this adverse effect from the urban growth patterns. Particularly, scholars have begun to consider its undesirable economic impact on a large metro region (Wheaton, 1998). Among many other urban problems, congestion is a major issue in planning and public policy because congestion involves not only personal costs, but also large amount of…

would like to address is car congestion issue in Singapore, which is under transportation, pollution, and even energy indicators. With limited land supply, and a huge number of cars on the roads, Singapore faces this challenge of frequent traffic jams on our roads. Singapore has always faced congestion issues on the roads, although not as severe as compared to Beijing or Los Angeles. Nevertheless, Singapore ranked 55 out of 189 cities in the world in terms of congestion, based on TOMTOM…

and trade promotional expenditures, advertising expenditures, and number of direct and indirect sales force personnel committed to Allround brand. Assistant brand manager has input to aforementioned issues but is also concerned with development of pricing discount structure as well as more of the specifics of promotional programs, including advertising message, advertising agency, and trade and consumer promotions. Brand manager is responsible for all aspects of marketing decisions for…

environmental factors affecting their strategy. One major environmental factor is their critic’s societal values on the amount of traffic congestion Uber causes. Societal values are the beliefs and concepts that people within a society feel strongly about (Parnell, 2014). Many of Uber’s critics believe that the company is responsible for the increased traffic congestion and the increased pollution in the air. Evidently, Uber’s strategy will need to change to ensure more fuel-efficient…

the price according to parking demand. The market price balances parking demand and supply without additional construction and maintenance cost (Shoup, 2002). Instead, reducing various facility costs is one of the most important benefit of parking pricing (Litman, 2009). Charging for curb parking has different ways but the basic way is parking meters. Motorists buy a specific amount of time from the meter and cannot get more time than described. To extend the time, motorist should go to meter…

triples the reach of commuters and dramatically alters patterns of urban development to favor suburbanism. • In 1908, suburbanism is facilitated with Henry Ford’s Model T. While the automobile had already been around for decades, the competitive pricing of the Model T makes automobiles widely available and eventually more of a commodity than a…

It provides a different living experience compared to the major cities. It has less traffic congestion and pollution. You don’t have to travel far to get to the nearest shopping malls, local markets, and business establishments because they are usually situated close to the housing blocks. It is also close to nature which means you can breathe plenty…

problems in their timing and planning of pricing and overall yield management. So why hasn’t this similar practice come to the golf industry? The golf industry has a lot of similarities to the hotel and airline operations and should start to apply some of their yield management techniques to their everyday operations. First we will want to look at what exactly revenue management is. Revenue management is defined as the application of information systems and pricing strategies to allocate…

Free parking? It sounds like an idea too good to be true, and that’s because quite possibly, it is. At least that’s what Donald Shoup argues in “Yes, Parking Reform is Possible”. A public policy which allows an extensive amount of parking in a crowded city at little to no cost, regardless of budgets or consequences, will have serious negative effects to a community. Shoup predicts that we can achieve major social, economic, and environmental advantages at virtually no expense merely by…

More than 1 billion people live on less than $1.25 a day, which companies in the world have figured out to provide stuff at a low price have followed the global Walmart Effect (Kenny 22). On account of this statistic, this has allowed Walmart to change to business field for the best. Walmart in the last few years has been focused on families. As a result, the retailer Walmart’s massive expansion of new communities are actually beneficial, because they provide more job opportunities and economic…