Chemical element

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α-FePO4, its space group is P3121 and thus its lattice symmetry can be inferred to be also trigonal, just like α-Quartz. Similarly, β-FePO4 space group is P6422 and its lattice symmetry can be inferred to be hexagonal, just like β-Quartz. Although the chemical structures of quartz and FePO4 are different, with quartz having a formula of SiO2, they can actually be in the same structure and have the same space symmetry. Fe atom is trivalent, and P atom is pentavalent. This means that their total…

1. INTRODUCTION Graphene consists of single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other forms of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. In simple terms, graphene, is a thin layer of pure carbon bonded together in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. It is the thinnest compound known to man, the lightest material known, the strongest compound discovered, the best conductor of heat at room temperature and also the…

Introduction: Solubility is the “ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent” . The effect of temperature on solubility is that when heat (energy) is added, it increases the speed on which molecules and particles move, therefore making it a quicker process. Where as with cooler temperatures there aren’t as many particles because the solvent doesn’t contain as much energy as warmer temperatures, therefore not dissolving as well as it could if it was warmer. To make jelly…

Chemical Reactions I Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to test and see how four different chemical reaction worked. The four different chemical reactions are formation, decomposition, single-replacement, and double-replacement. The hypothesis of this experiment was that in each of the different reactions something would happen to the reactant whether it be color, mass, temperature, or pressure. II Equipment For this experiment Late Nite lab was used. In Late Nite Lab the equipment…

Principle components of Rankine cycle: The four basic components of Rankine cycle are shown in figure 1 each component in the cycle is regarded as control volume, operating at steady state. Pump: The liquid condensate leaving the condenser at the state 1 is pumped to the operating pressure of the boiler. The pump operation is considered isentropic. Boiler: The heat is supplied in the working fluid (feed water) in the boiler and thus vapour is generated. The vapour leaving the boiler is wther…

Paragraph 1 Iron phosphate structure with a symbol of FePo4, has crystal structures of FeO4 and PO4 as its tetrahedral links. There would be changes of this quartz type that can be determined by the neutron poly difraction between 294K and 1073K, according to Z. Kristallogr. While structural parameters of the iron phosphate depends on the temperature, whereby iron phosphate would be a beta-phase from an alpha-phase when temperature increases from low to high. Irregularity would also be…

Phase 2 – Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 1. Obtain our four H, E, L, and P labeled micro tubes and place them on ice. 2. Set the micro pipet to 2.0 ul. 3. Transfer 2.0 ul blue dye to each of the four H, E, L, and P micro tubes. 4. Mix the four micro tubes by using this two-step method: * Place each tube briefly on the vortex to get the components to collect at the bottom of the micro tubes * Pulse spin the four micro tubes in the centrifuge to mix all of the components completely. 5.…

1.4 Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)Type Formula F12 was utilized to study the effect of changing the type of MCC(Avecil PH-101 ) as a carrier material instead of (Avecil PH-102) in F8 on the dissolution behavior of the prepared Zolmitriptan liquisolid ODTs. Although the DT of formula F12 (79 sec.) was greater than F8 (48 sec.) as in Table(18),the dissolution behavior of the formula F12 was faster than F8 as in Table (18) and Figure (48), this difference was non…

They are responsible for physical properties of compounds such as crystal structures, melting points, boiling points, vaporization, viscosity and surface tension, but not the chemical behavior of the three states of matter; when a molecular substance changes states, the atoms within the molecule are unchanged. These properties can therefore be used in identifying an unknown sample by comparing for example its observed melting…