Chemical element

Figure (2.6) shows industrial oxygen sensor. Fig. (2.6) Oxygen sensor [25] This thesis used some kinds of sensors described below: a. pH Sensor “The term pH is derived from a combination of “p” for the word power and “H” for the symbol of the element Hydrogen. Together the meaning is the power of hydrogen. pH used to compare the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution at a given temperature. A pH of (7.00) describes a neutral solution because the activities of hydrogen and hydroxide…

3.2 Mechanochemical synthesis The mechanochemical method was employed to synthesis CP and MgCP where calcium hydroxide (CaOH2), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and magnesium hydroxide (MgOH2) were used as precursors. Table 3.1 shows the parameter used by varying the weight percentages (wt. %) of Mg. Table 3.1: The weight percentages ratio for magnesium doped calcium phosphate Samples Parameter Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2 (g) Phosphoric Acid H2PH03 (g) Magnesium Hydroxide Mg(OH)2 (g) Undoped CP 27…

positive as the more massive oxygen attracts the electrons. The oxygen is left to be negative as the numbers of attracted electrons are greater than its natural proton number. Ionic and covalent bonding are the two ways to join together the individual elements of hydrogen and oxygen…

sources. Fire involving large amounts of material should not be approached individual containers may rupture abruptly causing ‘fireball’ effect. Fire-fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing when fighting chemical fires. Use water spray to cool nearby containers and structures exposed to fire. 5. Accident Release Measures In case of spill, do not blow material. Sweep or gather up material and place in proper container for disposal.…

of sulphuric acid and the manufacturing industry on the environment Despite the cautious steps taken by the sulfuric acid industry there is always the risk of accidental leaks which will have a negative effect on the environment for example the chemical plant in Oberhausen, Germany, where an accident caused a sulfuric acid cloud to float over the city. From this accident at least over 150 people have been treated for breathing problems. Sad to say but some production factories practise wrong…

PURPOSE/QUESTION The question that we will answer using this laboratory report is, “How is the rate of dissolving sugar affected by changing the temperature of the water, changing the rate of stirring, and changing the size of the crystal?” The independent variable of each laboratory experiment is different, however they are all being changed to get consistent and effective results for one dependent variable. The three independent variables are the temperature of water, rate of stirring and size…

Experiment 5: Anions and Redox Reactions Introduction (a) Objectives General: To examine the importance of potassium permanganate as an oxidising agent and the strong powers of halogens in oxidation. Part 1 Determining the colour associated with a certain halogen by adding a sample of the halogen to cyclohexane and recording the colours observed. Part 2 Identifying a halogen referring to the colours recorded in part 1, by reacting the halogen with a halide and observing the colour present.…

Abstract A spontaneous, one-pot strategy for the room temperature biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Cocos Nucifera Linn (coconut palm) coir extract is described. The formation of AuNPs was observed within 30s of reaction time between the metal precursor and coir extract. The bioextract acted as both reducing agent and a stabilizer. The influence of various experimental parameters such as % volume fraction of coir extract, concentration of metal precursor, contact time and solution…

Discussion of Results: This experiment consists of three different parts. The main goal of the experiment is to identify the unknown compound the lab group was given. Along with this, the group is to discover the compounds many physical or chemical properties. Lastly, the group is supposed to create and preform two syntheses of the compound and see how they compare and contrast in different areas like costs effectiveness, safety, and potential yield of the compound. Through all of these…

3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Temperature dependence of D.C. Electrical Resistivity The temperature dependence of the D.C. electrical resistivity of all the samples of Co-Cr ferrite system was studied using two probe method in the temperature range of 200-7000C. The resistivity of the prepared samples was calculated using the relation 1. From fig. 1 and 4, it is clear that the resistivity decreases with increasing temperature ensuring the semiconducting nature of the prepared spinel ferrites…